Bougainville ( fr. Bougainville ) - an island in the Pacific Ocean , the largest in the group of Solomon Islands . It is part of the state of Papua New Guinea .
| Bougainville | |
|---|---|
| fr Bougainville | |
 Bougainville and Buka Islands | |
| Specifications | |
| Square | 9,317.8 km² |
| Highest point | 2715 m |
| Population | 175 160 people (2000) |
| Population density | 18.8 people / km² |
| Location | |
| Archipelago | Solomon islands |
| Water area | Pacific Ocean |
| A country |
|
| Region | Islands |
| Area | Bougainville Autonomous Region |
Content
Title
The island is named after Louis Antoine de Bougainville (1729-1811), a French traveler, leader of the first French round-the-world expedition [1] .
History
The island was discovered by the Bougainville expedition and named after him. Nearby is the island of Choiseulles , also named after the French.
Since 1882, the islands were part of German New Guinea .
General Information
The population of the island is 175 160 inhabitants ( 2000 ), the area - 9317.8 km² [2] .
The island is covered in tropical rainforests .
The island has one of the largest copper deposits in the world; gold is being mined. In addition to the development of copper mines, Bougainville Island exports copra , coconuts and vanilla .
There are several volcanoes on Bougainville Island.
Policy
Separatist movements are strong on the island. The independence of Bougainville, called the Republic of the Northern Solomon Islands, was unsuccessfully proclaimed twice: in 1975 and in 1990 [3] . The clashes killed 15 thousand people.
Negotiations ended in 1997 with the island achieving autonomy ( Bougainville Autonomous Region ).
At the same time, the newly created government of the region received broad powers within the framework of autonomy - the adoption of its own constitution, the issue of money, the creation of law enforcement forces [4] .
On October 17, 2019, a referendum is planned on the complete independence of the island , which is provided for by the 2001 peace agreement [5] .
Interesting Facts
- According to the conclusions of Swedish scientists from Uppsala University, representatives of the “ and ” people (China) and the Papuans of Bougainville Island are the closest relatives of Denisov's man from all modern peoples of the Earth [6] .
- In the language of the natives of the island of Bougainville, Rotokas , the shortest alphabet is 12 letters (transmit 11 sounds).
See also
- Bougainville campaign
Notes
- ↑ Bougainville, Luan Antoine - History of geographical discoveries. Personalities. discover-history.com. The appeal date is September 25, 2017.
- ↑ United Nations Environment Program, Islands by land area: Bougainville , islands.unep.ch (1988).
- ↑ Ilya Polonsky. Blood of the Jungle: Partisan Wars in Asia . - Liters, 2017-09-05. - 352 s. - ISBN 9785040338092 .
- ↑ The rebellious island of Bougainville gained autonomy (inaccessible link) . Archived on September 16, 2014.
- ↑ Bougainville independence vote delayed to October , Reuters (March 1, 2019). The appeal date is July 24, 2019.
- ↑ “Denisovsky Man” most of all “inherited” in the genome of Asians // RIA Novosti, November 1, 2011.