Nong Jia (Chinese 農家) is one of the philosophical schools of ancient China. The name of the school is translated as a school of farmers, a school of agrarians or a school of agrarians. Mentioned by the court historian Ban Gu (32-92) in the thirtieth chapter of Han Shu among ten schools of philosophy. According to Ban Gu , the school originates from the officials of the department of agriculture. Representatives of the school and their writings are named in "Han shu and wenzhi" (bibliographic section " Han shu "). The leading representative of the school, Xu Xing (4th century BC) was a native of the kingdom of Chu . Representatives of the school built their teachings to Shen-Nun . They focused on agriculture. It was believed that the ruler should engage in agriculture with the people. The views of Xu Sin and his follower Chen Xiang were criticized by the Confucian Mencius . Works of the school are lost. Information about the views of the representatives of this school can be found in the treatises " Mencius ", " Guan-tzu ", " Luishi chunqiu ." Liu Shipei (1884-1919), one of the first propagandists of anarchism in China, saw in Xu Sin's views confirmation of the teachings of Western socialists and anarchists.
Testimonies
“The school of agrarians originates from the officials of the department of agriculture. [She cares] about the distribution of“ one hundred loaves ”, she cares hard about caring for the silk trees so that there is enough clothing and food. Therefore,“ of the eight tasks of government, the first is food, the second is goods ", and Confucius said that" the main thing is to feed the people. "This is its dignity. But if a person from the backwoods will carry out this teaching, he will decide that he does not need to serve a perfect wise van, he wants the emperor and his subjects to work together yvali ground, and this is contrary to the order of relations between the higher and lower. "
whale. 農家 者 流 ， 蓋 出於 農 稷 之 勸。 播 百 穀 ， ， 勸 耕 桑 ， 以 足 衣食 ， 故 八 政 一 曰 食 ， 二曰 貨。 孔子 曰 「所 重 民 食」 ， 此 其 所長 也。。。。。。。鄙 者 為之 ， 以為 無所 事 聖王 ， 欲使 君臣 並 耕 ， 誖 上下 之 序。 Ban Gu "Han shu." Chapter thirty
Literature
- The spiritual culture of China : an encyclopedia: in 5 volumes / Institute of the Far East . T. 1. Philosophy / ed. M.L. Titarenko , A.I. Kobzev , A.E. Lukyanov . - M .: Eastern literature . - 2006 .-- 727 p. S. 373.
- Dyomin R. N. The farmer-philosopher Timofei Bondarev and the ancient Chinese school of agrarians (Nun Jia) // Philosophy of cognition and the creation of life: Days of Philosophy in St. Petersburg - 2013. - St. Petersburg: Vladimir Dal, 2014. P. 168-176. ISBN 978-5-93615-155-2
- Graham AC "The Nung-Chia 'School of the Tillers' and the Origin of the Peasant Utopianism in China" // Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, Vol. 42 no.1, 1978, pp. 66-100. Reprinted in Graham AC Studies in Early Chinese Philosophy and Philosophical Literature. SUNY Press, 1986.
- Graham AC Disputers of the Tao: philosophical argument in ancient China. La Salle, Illinois: Open Court, 1989.