Rudolf Schönheimer (also Schonheimer, German Rudolf Schönheimer , also Schoenheimer) ( May 10, 1898 , Berlin Germany - September 11, 1941 , New York USA ) - German, then an American biochemist of Jewish origin, developed the technique of labeling molecules with stable isotopes, which allowed to study metabolic processes in organisms.
| Rudolph Shengeimer | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | May 10, 1898 |
| Place of Birth | Berlin , Germany |
| Date of death | September 11, 1941 (43 years old) |
| Place of death | New York , USA |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | Biochemistry |
| Place of work | University of Freiburg , Columbia University |
| Alma mater | University of Berlin |
| Academic rank | Professor |
Content
Biography
Rudolph Shengeimer was born on May 10, 1898 in Berlin in a family of doctors. After studying medicine at the University of Berlin , Friedrich Wilhelm and receiving a doctorate in medicine in 1922, he became a pathologist at a hospital in Berlin-Moabit . There he became interested in the interdependence of fat metabolism , cholesterol and arteriosclerosis , and in this regard continued his education at the University of Leipzig in the field of organic chemistry (from 1923 to 1926). In 1926 he took the post of assistant, and in 1928 - assistant professor at the University of Freiburg (Institute of Pathological Anatomy), where he collaborated with Adolf Windaus . He spent the years 1930-1931 at the University of Chicago [1]. In 1932 he married Salome Gluckson , and in 1933 they emigrated to the United States. From 1931 to 1941, he headed the department of pathological chemistry at the University of Freiburg , while from 1933 he held the position of associate professor of biochemistry at Columbia University , where he worked in the department of radiochemistry under the direction of Harold Clayton Urey . There, with David Rittenberg (1906–1970) and Konrad Bloch, he studied the metabolic pathways of the body using isotopic labels. Deuterium was used in the study of fat metabolism ; later, amino acid metabolism with the N 15 isotope was studied. Tagged with this isotope, tyrosine was exchanged with other amino acids in the body, which allowed Krebs to substantiate the urea cycle , and A.E. Braunstein - the transamination reaction . Schenheimer discovered that the accumulation of cholesterol is a risk factor that causes arteriosclerosis, in connection with this, the German Society for the Study of Arteriosclerosis released the Schenheimer medal.
Rudolph Shengeimer committed suicide on September 11, 1941 in New York City by consuming cyanide .
Scientific work
The main scientific works are devoted to the study of biochemistry of interstitial metabolism in a whole organism.
- 1935 - The first to use labeled atoms to study the metabolism in the body.
- He studied the exchange of fats with the use of deuterium and put forward new ideas about the "metabolic boiler".
- Used the heavy nitrogen isotope 15 to study the metabolism of amino acids.
List of references
- Biologists. Biographical reference book. - Kiev .: Science. Dumka, 1984.— 816 p.: silt
- An article about Rudolf Schönheimer on German Wikipedia
Notes
Links
- Rudolph Shengeimer on the website of the Personality .
- About Rudolf Schönheimer in the book: Walter Gratzer: Eureka and Euphoria. About scientists and their discoveries // KoLibri, ABC-Atticus, Moscow, 2011 ISBN 978-5-389-00746-8
- Publications of Rudolf Schönheimer and about him in the catalog of the German National Library
- An article on the Shengeimer Medal of the German Society for the Study of Arteriosclerosis
- Lothar Enike's article on Shengamer
- An article on the German Biography website listing all relatives
- Use in the biochemistry of radioactive isotopes