Renkas Karl Matveevich ( Finnish . Ränküs / Rüngas [1] , November 4 ( November 16 ), 1897 [2] - February 23, 1932 ) - Finnish by nationality, underground revolutionary, participant in the Civil War (air assault master), one of the first pilots of civil aviation in the Far East [3] , worked in recent years in Khabarovsk , the pilot of the first category.
| Karl Matveyevich Renkas | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | November 4 (16), 1897 |
| Place of Birth | Vuoksela ( Grand Duchy of Finland ) as part of the Russian Empire , now Priozersky district of the Leningrad region |
| Date of death | February 23, 1932 (34 years old) |
| A place of death | from. Nizhne-Tambov Nizhny Tambov District Far Eastern Federal District |
| Affiliation |  Russian empire  Finland  RSFSR  the USSR |
| Type of army |    Air force |
| years of service | 1920 - 1929 |
| Rank |  |
| Commanded | aircraft commander |
| Battles / wars |
|
| Awards and prizes |  |
| Autograph |  |
Content
- 1 Biography
- 1.1 The first accident on the Far East
- 2 Awards
- 3 Memory
- 4 Address
- 5 Literature
- 6 notes
Biography
Karl Matveyevich Renkas was born on November 4 (November 16), 1897 [4] in the village of Vuoksela [5] [6] (the Grand Duchy of Finland as part of the Russian Empire until 1917, from 1917 to 1940 - was part of Finland , now Priozersky district of the Leningrad region ), in a family of workers, was the eldest among eight children. Father is a locomotive driver, mother is a laundress [7] .
From 1908, he was an assistant engineer, from 1914, an engineer, from 1917, an underground revolutionary, he was declared a “state criminal” in Helsinki , and fled to Petrograd in 1918.
In 1920, he graduated from the Second School of Maritime Aviation named after L. D. Trotsky (modern name EVBAUL ).
In March 1921 - participated in the liquidation of the Kronstadt rebellion , special flights.
In the Arkhangelsk province he conducted an “attack” and the pursuit of gangs from the air.
In 1928-1929 - in Central Asia he fought against Basmachism .
In 1929, he took part in the Kars scientific expedition at the invitation of the future academician V. Yu. Wise [8] [9] .
In January 1930, he arrived in Khabarovsk to work in the management of the Far Eastern Air Lines (DVL) of the Dobrolet Society [10] (there are three pilots in the state: Mikhail Vodopyanov , Vasily Kapridov and Karl Renkas) on the Sakhalin postal and passenger line Khabarovsk - Okha- on Sakhalin , with the extension to Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky . Together with M. Vodopyanov, he was preparing the first flight route [11] .
In the Far East, he performed flight missions with a "specific task" - helping those in distress.
In the spring of 1931 (April 1-5), he took part in battles with bandits (the Shmonin and Tretyakov gangs) in Chumikan and Udskoye in the north of the Far Eastern Territory. On the South-1 (JuG-1) used the " attack " [12] [13] .
From the recollections of the commander of the OGPU detachment Albert Lipsky :
“... We did not hear shots from the ground, but it was clear that they were shooting at the plane. Several bullets landed in the passenger cabin, injuring the border guard. Even more hits fell into the cockpit. One of the bullets broke the helm, with a few hits the dashboard was stitched. A number of appliances are out of order. A spare tank for fuel was broken, and it flowed in a stream along the plane. I drew attention to the commander, who now and then listened to the engine. Pointing with a nod of his head to the dashboard, he shouted in my ear: "... Will we reach?" ... "
Karl Renkas, along with flight engineer Alexei Ivanov, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of War “for heroism, outstanding resourcefulness in carrying out a difficult operational task involving a risk to life” [14] .
The first disaster in the Far East
He died in a plane crash on February 23, 1932.
During take-off from the ice airfield Nizhne-Tambovskoye, Nizhnetambovskiy District Far Eastern Complex (now Komsomolskiy District, Khabarovsk Territory ) at the cargo and passenger aircraft JuG-1 (UG-1 - Junkers cargo), onboard USSR L718 (serial number 930 [15] [16] ) of the Dobrolet company - 16 m high wing fell off. The plane fell on the ice r. Cupid , 9 passengers and 3 crew members were killed [17] .
The plane flew from Aleksandrovsk-Sakhalinsky to Khabarovsk [18] (flight time is 8 hours along the route of 920 km, through the village of De-Kastri ). Crew: pilot Renkas K. M., flight mechanics Skaryatin V. Ya. And Vasiliev I.V. [19] [20]
“This was the first passenger plane crash in the Far East,” said Anatoly Dudakov, deputy chairman of the regional branch of DOSAAF of Russia in the Khabarovsk Territory, head of the aviation department of the RO DOSAAF of Russia in the Khabarovsk Territory [21] .
| They flew in the most difficult conditions of the region. And not a single accident. Fatal accident cut short the lives of wonderful comrades. ... There are no three, but others remain. They declared themselves drummers of the “name of three”. They will continue their work with honor ... [22] |
He was buried on March 1, 1932 in Khabarovsk in the old civil cemetery (nowadays not preserved).
Rewards
In 1931 he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner “for heroism, outstanding resourcefulness in carrying out a difficult operational task involving a risk to life, in battles with bandits, the defeat of the Shmonin and Tretyakov gangs” in the village of Chumikan DVK.
Memory
Anatoly Lyapidevsky writes:
| Karl Matveevich was a man of iron endurance and at the same time was distinguished by his kind character. He was extremely brave and very humble. |
Mikhail Vodopyanov recalls:
| I was struck by his ability to work and perseverance in work, high discipline. He had little rest. He was flying ... |
In the name of "K. Renkas ”was named a steamboat, worked on the Amur River, his name was also carried by the pioneer squad of secondary school No. 24 of Khabarovsk [23] .
May 4, 2018 in Khabarovsk on the building of the UGAN NOTB DFO Far East Transport Supervision Agency on ul. Petra Komarova, 6, a memorial plaque to Karl Renkas was opened by the Public Council for the Preservation of the Historical Heritage of the Far East at VOOPIIK ( Khabarovsk ) [24] [25] .
Address
He lived in Khabarovsk, on the street. Sheronova, 17.
Literature
- Russian State Archive of Economics (RGAE):
F. 9527. Civil aviation. Op. 1. D. 159. L.3. List of pilots and flight mechanics of the Kars expedition.
- "Three of the best." // Quiet. Star, 1932, March 4, No. 52.
- Kotelnikov V. South-1. // Aviation-historical magazine "World of Aviation", No. 1 (19), 1999, pp. 4-9.
- Danilenko V.F. Wings of the Far East. - Khabarovsk: Book. ed., 1972. - 192 p., ill., pp. 143-149.
- Wiese W. Yu. Sea of the Russian Arctic: Essays on the history of research. T. I. - M .: European publications - Paulsen, 2008 .-- 342 p., Ill. (International Polar Year 2007-2008).
- Wiese W. Yu. Sea of the Russian Arctic: Essays on the history of research. T. II. - M .: European publications - Paulsen, 2008 .-- 318 p., Ill. (International Polar Year 2007-2008).
- Dudakov A. G. From working materials.
- Pronyakin K. On the route of the pilot Svetogorov ./ "Debry-DV", 08/04/2015
- Pronyakin K.A. Svetogorov's Red Dream: a historical documentary. - Khabarovsk: Publisher Khvorova A. Yu., 2016. - 56 p., Ill. (Series: The history of the development of civil aviation in the Far East).
- Turns of the pilot Svetogorov: an illustrated album for the book “The Red Dream of Svetogorov” / Text by K. A. Pronyakin. - Khabarovsk, 2016 .-- 24 p., Ill. (Series: The history of the development of civil aviation in the Far East).
- Pronyakin K. A. The first pilots in the Russian Far East: flown into history (reference. 196 biographies). To the 80th anniversary of the Khabarovsk Territory, to the 95th anniversary of the Civil Air Fleet of Russia and to the 100th anniversary of the Eastern Military District. Greetings: Hero of Russia G.V. Zhidko, S.I. Avakyants, S.I. Furgal, A.S. Nikolaev; foreword T.V. Baranova; afterword: A. M. Budnik, V. M. Kukanova. - Khabarovsk: LLC "MediaMost"; Russian Geographical Society, 2019-160 pp., Ill. (Series: The History of Aviation Development in the Far East), pp. 87-88, 90.
Notes
- ↑ Pronyakin K. A. Svetogorov's Red Dream: a historical documentary. - Khabarovsk: Publisher Khvorova A. Yu., 2016. - 56 p., Ill. (Series: The History of the Development of Civil Aviation in the Far East), p. 29.
- ↑ Track record of August 10, 1923
- ↑ regular pilot of the Sakhalin postal and passenger airline
- ↑ In the official biography is 1896
- ↑ 15 km from the village of Losevo , on the banks of the Vuoksa-Virta River (northern sleeve of Vuoksa ), the Finnish village of Vuoksela was former
- ↑ In the Service record of August 10, 1923, s. Imallah.
- ↑ Danilenko V.F. Wings of the Far East. Khabarovsk, 1972. pp. 143-149 (biography). Here, and further.
- ↑ RGAE. F. 9527. Op. 1. D. 159. L.3.
- ↑ Wiese V. Yu. Sea of the Soviet / Russian Arctic.
- ↑ Khabarovsk, st. Komsomolskaya, 8, ex. artillery warehouse barracks. See Objects of cultural heritage (historical and cultural monuments) of the Khabarovsk Territory. Album. Comp .: A.V.Dyminskaya, L. B. Shokurova, M.K. Yankevich, A.R. Laskin. - 2nd ed., Revised. and add. - Khabarovsk: Ministry of Culture, 2013 .-- 248 p., Ill., P. 80.
- ↑ On January 9, 1930, pilot Mikhail Vodopyanov, on the F-13 of the Dobrolet Society with a tail number of USSR-127, began to lay an air route along the Khabarovsk - Okha route, 1,130 km long. On board were I.A. Revyakin, Head of the Far Eastern Air Lines (DVL) Directorate, Dobroleta, A. G. Zakharov, Secretary of the Osoaviakhim Regional Council, and Volynsky, special correspondent for the Pacific Star newspaper. January 16, 1930 the first flight ended on the route Khabarovsk - Nizhne-Tambovskoye - Mariinsk - Nikolaevsk - Okha - Aleksandrovsk .
- ↑ The plane dropped to a low-level flight, from which leaflets began to be scattered. The bandits met the plane with heavy gunfire. Bullets clicked on the plane, punching the skin. After assessing the situation, in consultation with the squad leader Albert Lipsky, the pilot deployed the plane and took the attack ...
- ↑ “Take Chumikan - Moscow will surrender itself” << Science, History, Education, Media | DEBRY-DV . debri-dv.com. Date of treatment April 4, 2016.
- ↑ Many Khabarovsk residents came to meet the heroes. When the plane taxied into the parking lot and silence was established at the airfield, the orchestra began to play. The guard of honor accepted the command "Attention!" The pilots who got out of the plane were picked up and carried along the guard of honor.
- ↑ earlier, from March 13, 1926 he was assigned to the 57th air squadron in Trotsk ( Gatchina ), board number 1.
- ↑ Tested in the USSR. Multipurpose aircraft G.24 (YUG-1) . alternathistory.com. Date of treatment April 4, 2016.
- ↑ Kotelnikov V. South-1. // “World of Aviation”, No. 1 (19) 1999
- ↑ On the same route, on June 26, 1935, the passenger plane Savoy S.55P crashed by pilot A.P. Svetogorov .
- ↑ On the route of the pilot Svetogorov << Science, History, Education, Media | DEBRY-DV . debri-dv.com. Date of treatment February 19, 2016.
- ↑ Heroes were buried in Khabarovsk. Thousands of Khabarovsk citizens came to say goodbye. The history of Khabarovsk does not know such a funeral. The funeral procession stretched from the hydroport area, which was located in the water area of the Amur canal at the beginning of Zaparina Street, to the square named after V.I. Lenin. A plane flew in the air.
- ↑ Dudakov A. G. From working materials
- ↑ "Three of the best." // Quiet. Star, 1932, March 4, No. 52.
- ↑ Danilenko V.F. Wings of the Far East. Khabarovsk, 1972
- ↑ The memory of forgotten Khabarovsk pilots cannot be erased from historical files << Science, History, Education, Media | Debry-DV . debri-dv.ru. Date of treatment May 4, 2018.
- ↑ A pilot - a hero of the Civil War - a memorial plaque in Khabarovsk was opened << News | Debry-DV . debri-dv.ru. Date of treatment May 4, 2018.