Kishkin, Nikolai Mikhailovich

From a noble family . He graduated from the medical faculty of Moscow University , physician-physiotherapist. He was a co-owner and director of the hydrotherapy and electrotherapeutic clinic in Moscow, then the sanatorium. Member of the Society for the Promotion of Resorts.

Participated in the liberal social movement, was a member of the " Union of Liberation ". Since 1905 - a member of the Central Committee of the Cadet Party, belonged to the left wing of the Cadets, was one of the leaders of the Moscow group of the party. He was elected as a vowel of the Moscow City Duma in 1905-1908. and 1913-1917 Since 1914 - Deputy Chief Commissioner and member of the Main Committee of the All-Russian Union of Cities.

During the February Revolution of 1917 he headed the executive committee elected by the Committee of public organizations of the city. From March 1917 - Commissioner of the Provisional Government in Moscow, led the preparation for the municipal elections held in the summer of 1917. Supporter coalition with moderate socialist parties. In July - August 1917, Minister-Chairman A. F. Kerensky , who personally trusted him, repeatedly offered Kishkin to join the government. After the failure of the August speech by General L. G. Kornilov, on behalf of Kerensky, he conducted negotiations with business leaders on their participation in the new composition of the Provisional Government.

On September 25, 1917 - Minister of State Charity (Social Security) in the latter part of the Provisional Government. In connection with the onset of the German troops and general political instability, he was charged with the task of preparing the evacuation of Petrograd with the relocation of the Provisional Government and central government institutions to Moscow. However, the government did not have time to implement this project.

On October 25 ( November 7 ), 1917, under the conditions of the beginning of the Bolshevik revolution, he was authorized to restore order in Petrograd; He was subject to all military and civilian authorities. He dismissed the indecisive commander-in-chief of the troops of the Petrograd Military District, Colonel G.P. Polkovnikov, and appointed General Ya. G. Bagratuni to replace him. He tried to organize resistance to the Bolsheviks, but failed because of the small number of troops supporting the government. Together with other ministers, he was arrested after taking the Winter Palace and imprisoned in the Peter and Paul Fortress. In the spring of 1918 released.

After his release he worked as a doctor. In 1919 he was arrested as one of the founders of the “ Union of Revival of Russia ” for participating in anti-Bolshevik activities, but was soon released.

In 1921, together with S. N. Prokopovich and E. D. Kuskova, he organized the All-Russian Committee on Hunger Support ( VK Pomgol ), which included prominent public figures. The Bolshevik authorities had a negative attitude towards the initiative of liberal figures; in the press, the committee was mockingly called “Prokukish” (after the first syllables of the names of its organizers). Kishkin was arrested on charges of anti-Soviet activities, was in exile in Vologda , then released under an amnesty. From 1923 he worked in the resort department of the People's Commissariat of Health of the RSFSR, he was arrested several times. He retired, but in the late 1920s, after tightening the political regime, the retirement decree was abolished, and he was also deprived of ration cards.

• Kishkin, Nikolai Mikhailovich // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 t.] / Ch. ed. A. M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
• Biography
• Biography