Outcast

Outcast (from -zhity , pro -Slavic root go-i / gi 'live', goiti - “live”, cf. epic formula goy esi) is an old Russian social term meaning a person who has fallen (“survived”) from his social environment . In the church charter of Vsevolod, the circle of meanings of this word is outlined quite expressively: ^[1]

Three outcasts: priests son who does not know letters; serf, redeemed from serfdom; a lent merchant; add to this a fourth outcast: if the prince is orphaned.

Original text (Old Russian)

Outcasts of three: the priest the son will not be able to literate, the lackey will be redeemed from lack of servitude, the merchant will lend; and behold the fourth outcast and ourselves apply: the prince is orphaned.

An outcast prince was called an orphaned, deprived prince, to whom his father or elder relatives did not manage (because of premature death, see ladder law ) to transfer the inheritance. Often, rogue princes, using the help of nomads, fought with the ruling princes for one or another destiny.

The Novgorod birch bark letter No. 789 mentions "Doman, Tudorov the outcast." Most likely we are talking about a serf who bought himself into the wild and used to belong to a gentleman named Tudor. Thus, the serf-freedman was called an “outcast of such and such” - like a freedman in antiquity.

In modern Russian, the word "rogue" has no terminological meaning and means a person (sometimes a social unit, up to the rogue state - the transfer of the English term rogue state), deprived of some rights in a series of their own kind, persecuted or ignored "stranger" .