Linguistic landscape , linguistic landscape ( English linguistic landscape ) - the representation of different languages in the public spaces of multilingual cities or regions of the world, understood as the ratio of the languages in which signs are printed, signs on public buildings, street advertising, road signs and signs, signs, etc. . In a broad sense - a specific balance of languages in a public urbanized space of communication. A sociolinguistic discipline specializing in the study of the linguistic design of the urban environment is called "analysis of the linguistic (linguistic) landscape." Linguistic landscapes have been sporadically studied since the late 1970s in sociolinguistics , however, the subject of mass research interest in linguistic planning, sociology, social psychology, and media research only began at the beginning of the 21st century.
Content
- 1 History of the term
- 2 Analysis of the language landscape
- 3 notes
- 4 Literature
Term History
The landscape metaphor began to be used in the social sciences to describe the complex types of interactions and processes in the environment of human existence at the end of the 20th century, when the concepts of “media landscape”, “ethnic landscape”, and “financial landscape” appeared. To describe the existence of languages in the space of a megalopolis, the concept of linguistic landscape was first used in 1997 in the work of R. Landry and R. Burchis [1] . Today, researchers are actively using the landscape metaphor for an increasing number of human environments ( sound landscape or soundscape “noise / sound landscape”, visual landscape “visual landscape”, etc.). In Russian, it is more natural to use the term “linguistic landscape”, since it accurately indicates an object, in contrast to the term “linguistic landscape”, motivated by the name of science.
Landscape Analysis
When studying linguistic landscapes, the hierarchy of languages motivated by political, administrative and economic reasons can be taken into account, which is reflected in the graphic design and arrangement of inscriptions (see the sequence of languages “Russian-Finnish-Swedish” on the nameplate of the street in Helsinki from the time of the Grand Duchy of Finland, with obvious dominance of Finns among city residents). The subject of interest may be the completeness / fragmentation of translations, additional or overlapping distribution of inscriptions in different languages, the direction of translation and its quality, and many other linguistic, sociocultural, and symbolic parameters of the existence of different languages in public space.
Notes
- ↑ Landry, Rodrigue & Bourhis, Richard Y. (1997) Linguistic landscape and ethnolinguistic vitality: an empirical study. Journal of Language and Social Psychology 16 (1): 23-49.
Literature
- Backhaus, Peter (2007) Linguistic Landscapes. A Comparative Study of Urban Multilingualism in Tokyo . Clevedon-Buffalo-Toronto: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
- Gorter, Durk (ed.) (2006) International Journal of Multilingualism 3 (1). A special issue on linguistic landscape.
- Gorter, Durk (ed.) (2006) Linguistic Landscape: A New Approach to Multilingualism . Clevedon-Buffalo-Toronto: Multilingual Matters Ltd.
- Spolsky, Bernd & Cooper, Robert L. (1991) The Languages of Jerusalem . Oxford: Clarendon Press.
- Fedorova L. L. Language landscape: city and crowd .