Fizuli Square ( azerb. Füzuli meydanı ; formerly Cuban Square ) is the square in the capital of Azerbaijan , Baku , in front of the Azerbaijan State Drama Theater . It bears the name of the famous poet of the 16th century Muhammad Fizuli , whose monument is located on the square. The square is known to Baku old-timers under the name “Kubinka” (the former name of the square is Cuban) [1] .
| Fizuli Square | |
|---|---|
| azerb. Füzuli meydanı | |
 Monument to Fizuli in the square. In the background you can see the building of the Drama Theater | |
| general information | |
| A country |
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| City | Baku , Azerbaijan |
| Former names | Cuban Square |
| Nearest metro station | " Nizami Ganjavi " |
History
The square was formed in the middle of the XIX century , even in the initial period of the emergence of the forstadt of the city of Baku and was called the Cuban Square. Due to the fact that a bazaar was located on this square (the so-called "Cuban Bazaar"), the square had another name - Bazaar. Being the busiest square in the city, Kubinskaya Square was located at the intersection of Shemakhinskaya (now Jafar Jabbarly Street) and Balakhanskaya (now Fizuli Street ) roads. Here, mainly one-story houses with benches and shops were located [2] .
There were no company shops and shops of large merchants at this fair [3] square. Mostly the poorest people who made up the majority of the population traded here. In this regard, the city authorities paid little attention to the Cuban Square, providing its development to merchants. Because of this, the Cuban Square remained one of the most unfavorable sections of Baku until the beginning of the 20th century [2] . Regardless of the method of use, Cuban Square was one of the areas polluting and disfiguring the city, where unsanitary conditions were common [1] .
In 1902, at the expense of a certain mistress Rylskaya, the Baku-listed church chapel dedicated to the name of St. Michael the Archangel was built [3] .
In 1903, the city authorities decided to clear the Cuban Square from shops with agricultural products and other utility rooms in order to get rid of the “market hustle and constant crush” and give the area an organized character [2] . In the early 1930s, the square was renamed "Dimitrov Square" (in honor of the leader of the Bulgarian Communists Dimitrov Georgy Mikhailovich).
In 1960, according to the project of architect G.M. Alizade, the building of the Azerbaijan Drama Theater named after Mashadi Azizbekov was built on Cuban Square. Thus, Cuban Square has actually become the theatrical and social center of the old district of the forstadt - Shemakhinki [2] . In 1962, a monument to the famous poet of the 16th century Mohammed Fizuli (sculptors Tokay Mammadov and Omar Eldarov , architect G. Mukhtarov) was erected on the square. The monument, which occupies a central position in relation to the square, is located along the axis of Gusi Hajiyev’s street [4] . Since then, the square was known as Fizuli Square.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Tskhovrebova T. From the history of green construction in Baku // Art of Azerbaijan. - B. , 1956. - T. V. - S. 295 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Fatullaev S. Urban Planning of Baku XIX — early XX centuries / Ed. prof. V.I. Pilyavsky. - Leningrad: Stroyizdat , 1978.- 215 p.
- ↑ 1 2 Zapletin G., Shirin-zade G. Russians in the history of Azerbaijan. - B .: Ganun, 2008 .-- 366 p.
- ↑ Aliev A.S. Planning and development of the city of Baku (1946-2000). - B .: Elm, 1988 .-- S. 44 .-- 91 p.