Atlantis ( born Atlantis , Atlantis) is NASA's reusable space transport vehicle .
Atlantis is the fourth space shuttle . The construction of Atlantis was launched on March 30, 1980 , and on April 13, 1985, Atlantis was transferred to NASA. The shuttle was named after the oceanographic research sailing vessel, which was in operation from 1930 to 1966 and which belonged to the Oceanographic Institute at Woods Hole . "Atlantis" has the designation OV-104 ( Eng. Orbiter Vehicle - 104).
During the construction of Atlantis, many improvements were made compared to its predecessors. It is 3.2 tons lighter than the Columbia shuttle and it took half as much time to build it [1] .
The first flight Atlantis made in October 1985 , it was one of five flights for the US Department of Defense . Since 1995, Atlantis made seven flights to the Russian space station Mir . An additional docking module for the Mir station was delivered and the crew of the Mir station were changed.
From November 1997 to July 1999, Atlantis was modified with about 165 improvements made in it [1] .
Content
- 1 Flights
- 2 Decommissioning
- 3 Interesting Facts
- 4 Mission Logos
- 5 notes
- 6 References
Flights
From October 1985 to July 2011, the Atlantis shuttle made 33 space flights, spent 307 days in orbit, flew a total of 202.6 million kilometers, made 4848 orbits around the Earth, its crew included 189 people [2] .
| No. | date of | Designation | Flight program |
|---|---|---|---|
| one | October 3, 1985 | Atlantis STS-51J | Flight for the US Department of Defense. |
| 2 | November 26, 1985 | Atlantis STS-61B | Launch of Morelos-B , Optus-A2 , Satcom-K2 and OEX Target satellites. |
| 3 | December 2, 1988 | Atlantis STS-27 | Flight for the US Department of Defense. |
| four | May 4, 1989 | Atlantis STS-30 | Launch of the Magellan space probe. |
| 5 | October 18, 1989 | Atlantis STS-34 | Launch of the Galileo space probe. |
| 6 | February 28, 1990 | Atlantis STS-36 | Flight for the US Department of Defense. |
| 7 | November 15, 1990 | Atlantis STS-38 | Flight for the US Department of Defense. |
| 8 | April 5, 1991 | Atlantis STS-37 | Launch of the Gamma Ray Observatory. |
| 9 | August 2, 1991 | Atlantis STS-43 | Launching a broadcast satellite. |
| 10 | November 24, 1991 | Atlantis STS-44 | Flight for the US Department of Defense. |
| eleven | March 24, 1992 | Atlantis STS-45 | Experiments with an atmospheric laboratory. |
| 12 | July 31, 1992 | Atlantis STS-46 | ESA satellite launch. |
| 13 | November 3, 1994 | Atlantis STS-66 | Experiments with an atmospheric laboratory. |
| fourteen | June 27, 1995 | Atlantis STS-71 | The first docking of the shuttle with the Mir station. |
| fifteen | November 12, 1995 | Atlantis STS-74 | Delivery of the docking module for the Mir station. |
| 16 | March 22, 1996 | Atlantis STS-76 | Docking with the Mir station. |
| 17 | September 16, 1996 | Atlantis STS-79 | Docking with the Mir station. Replacement crew. |
| eighteen | January 12, 1997 | Atlantis STS-81 | Docking with the Mir station. Replacement crew. |
| 19 | May 15, 1997 | Atlantis STS-84 | Docking with the Mir station. Replacement crew. |
| twenty | September 25, 1997 | Atlantis STS-86 | Docking with the Mir station. Replacement crew. |
| 21 | May 19, 2000 | Atlantis STS-101 | ISS assembly. |
| 22 | September 8, 2000 | Atlantis STS-106 | ISS assembly. |
| 23 | February 7, 2001 | Atlantis STS-98 | ISS assembly. |
| 24 | July 12, 2001 | Atlantis STS-104 | ISS assembly. |
| 25 | April 8, 2002 | Atlantis STS-110 | ISS assembly. |
| 26 | October 7, 2002 | Atlantis STS-112 | ISS assembly. |
| 27 | September 9, 2006 | Atlantis STS-115 | The first, after more than a three-year break, shuttle flight, assembly and supply of the ISS (segments P3 and P4). |
| 28 | June 8, 2007 | Atlantis STS-117 | Delivery and installation of truss segments S3 / S4. |
| 29th | February 7, 2008 | Atlantis STS-122 | Assembly and supply of the ISS. |
| thirty | May 11, 2009 [3] | Atlantis STS-125 | Hubble telescope maintenance. |
| 31 | November 16, 2009 | Atlantis STS-129 | Assembly and supply of the ISS. |
| 32 | May 14, 2010 | Atlantis STS-132 | Assembly and supply of the ISS, delivery of the Russian Rassvet research module. |
| 33 | July 8, 2011 | Atlantis STS-135 | ISS assembly. The last flight of the Atlantis shuttle and the last Space Shuttle flight |
Decommissioning
May 14, 2010 at 14:20 Atlantis started from Cape Canaveral (pc. Florida) on its penultimate, 32nd flight. On board the shuttle were 6 astronauts, whose mission lasted 12 days - they went to the International Space Station (it was the 11th flight of Atlantis to the ISS [2] ) to deliver there 12 tons of equipment, including the Russian Rassvet research module, and completed 3 EVAs.
Atlantis was decommissioned in 2011 after its 33rd flight.
The last 33rd launch was carried out on July 8, 2011 [4] , with a crew reduced to four astronauts [5] . The crew included: ship commander astronaut Chris Ferguson (for him, the shuttle flight became the third in his career), shuttle pilot Dag Hurley (the second shuttle flight) and flight experts - astronauts Sandra Magnus and Rex Walheim [6] .
On July 19, the shuttle undocked from the Harmony module of the International Space Station (at 10:28 Moscow time) and returned to Earth on July 21 (at 13:57 Moscow time).
After the operation was completed, the shuttle was handed over to the museum in the Space Center named after Kennedy at Cape Canaveral [7] .
Interesting Facts
- Atlantis, along with Columbia, participated in the filming of the movie Armageddon (according to the plot of the film, 1 of these shuttles crashed during landing, in real life - one of them crashed during landing), which was released in 1998 [2] ;
- Atlantis delivered astronauts to the Mir orbital station - between 1995 and 1997, Atlantis docked to it 7 times [2] .
- Shuttle Atlantis is present in the Orbiter space simulator, mission STS-101
Mission
| Emblems of the Atlantis Missions | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| STS 51-J | STS 61-B | STS 27 | STS 30 | STS 34 | STS 36 | STS 38 | |
| STS 37 | STS 43 | STS 44 | STS 45 | STS 46 | STS 66 | STS 71 | |
| STS 74 | STS 76 | STS 79 | STS 81 | STS 84 | STS 86 | STS 101 | |
| STS 106 | STS 98 | STS 104 | STS 110 | STS 112 | STS 115 | STS 117 | |
| STS 122 | STS 125 | STS 129 | STS 132 | STS 135 | |||
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Atlantis (OV-104 ) . NASA (October 10, 2009). Archived on August 25, 2011.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 / Atlantis. Long-service pension (inaccessible link) // http://ru.euronews.net
- ↑ Hubble telescope getting ready to launch. , Commentator Information Agency
- ↑ Mission STS-135 summary
- ↑ NASA Space Shuttle Program May Continue 2011
- ↑ Atlantis shuttle for the last time undocks from the ISS - Utro.ru daily morning newspaper
- ↑ NASA will send decommissioned shuttles of Discovery, Atlantis, and Endeavor to museums. (inaccessible link)
Links
- NASA Announces Atlantis Last Flight Date
- Photos of the last flight of the Atlantis shuttle
- Shuttle photos on airliners.net
- Space shuttle
- Atlantis
- The last crew of the shuttle. The plot of the television studio Roscosmos
Shuttle Atlantis Google Maps KMZ (3D-model - KMZ file for Google Earth )