Elijah The Prophet in the wilderness with his life and deesis is an icon of the Old Testament prophet Elijah , painted in the late XIII - early XIV centuries. Comes from the church of Elijah the Prophet of the village ( graveyard ) Vybuty near Pskov . It is "the most significant among the early Pskov icons " [1] and the oldest known Russian hagiography icons [2] .
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| Elijah the Prophet in the wilderness with life and deesis . The end of the XIII - the beginning of the XIV centuries. | ||
| wood , tempera . 141 × 111 cm | ||
| State Tretyakov Gallery , Moscow | ||
The icon was discovered by an expedition of the Central State Restoration Workshops in 1928 and in 1931 entered the collection of the Tretyakov Gallery .
Content
- 1 Description
- 1.1 Centerpiece icons
- 1.2 Brands
- 2 notes
Description
The style of the icon is characterized as archaic, the image of the prophet Elijah in the middle of the icon carries the features of Romanesque art , which brings the icon closer to the Novgorod monuments of the XIII-XIV centuries [2] . The preservation of the icon is characterized as mediocre [3] . There are big losses in painting the background and the lower field , and the blurring of the upper paint layer. The lower living scenes are preserved fragmentary.
Pimp Icons
In the middle of the icon is placed the monumental figure of the prophet Elijah, dressed in a robes of a thick purple color and a silver-green cloak. Academician V. N. Lazarev notes that the image of Elijah carries “a shade of patriarchal good-naturedness, which the Pskov artists so loved to endow with their saints ” [1] . The saint’s face is written somewhat schematically, there are no color comparisons, the browns are dense, the whitening strokes are placed only on the protruding parts. According to G. S. Kolpakova, as a result of this, “the face is perceived as a vast, radiant, like an egg yolk, smooth and almost monochrome surface ” [4] .
The prophet is not depicted in the traditional scene of feeding a raven in the desert, but rather listening intently to the “blowing of a quiet wind” (1 Kings 19:12 ) in which God appears to him [4] . The desert in which the prophet is located is depicted in the form of four hills of pinkish-red, pearl-gray, violet and orange-red flowers that do not yet have a traditional stylization.
Hallmarks
The composition of the brands :
- top margin
The seven-figured deesis : the Savior , the Virgin , John the Baptist , the archangels Michael and Gabriel , the apostles Peter and Paul . For the XI-XIII centuries, a minimal number of figures in the deius is characteristic. This seven-figured deesis is one of the oldest in Russian art [2] .
- side and bottom margins
Stigma icons
- An angel predicts the birth of a son to Savah, the father of Elijah
- Savah speaks of a vision to high priests
- Elijah forbids rain
- Elijah meets Sarepta widow
- Elijah in the widow's house multiplies bread
- Elijah resurrects the widow's son
- Obadiah, the messenger of King Ahab , meets Elijah
- Elijah Reveals King Ahab
- Sacrifice of pagan priests
- Elijah's Sacrifice
- Elijah stabs the priests of Baal
- The Prophet Elisha Follows Elijah
- Elijah and Elisha cross the Jordan on dry land
- Elijah's fiery ascension
The last 6 hallmarks are almost completely lost and recorded by half-figures of saints.
Stamp landscapes and simple architectural elements distinguish everyday hallmarks. VN Lazarev notes that the everyday story in the stigmas “is sustained in soft colors and is covered with great humanity ” [1] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Lazarev V.N. Russian icon painting from its origins to the beginning of the 16th century. - M.: Art , 2000. - Page 74
- ↑ 1 2 3 Pskov icon of the XIII — XVI centuries: [Album]. - L .: Aurora, 1990. - No. 1, p. 291
- ↑ Lazarev V.N. Russian icon painting from its origins to the beginning of the 16th century. - M.: Art , 2000. - Page 323
- ↑ 1 2 Kolpakova G.S. The Art of Ancient Russia: the Pre-Mongol Period. - M .: ABC , 2007 .-- S. 478-482. - ( New Art History ). - ISBN 978-5-352-02088-3 .