Valery Ivanovich Glazko (born January 30, 1949 , Leninogorsk , Kazakh SSR ) - Russian geneticist, biotechnologist, molecular biologist, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, professor (1998), foreign member of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2005), Russian Academy of Natural Sciences (2007), RAS (2014), Member of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Nanotechnological Society of Russia.
| Valery Ivanovich Glazko | ||
|---|---|---|
| Date of Birth | ||
| Place of Birth | Leninogorsk , East Kazakhstan Region , Kazakh SSR , USSR | |
| A country |  the USSR  Ukraine  Russia | |
| Scientific field | genetics , biotechnology , molecular biology | |
| Place of work | RGAU-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev | |
| Alma mater | Novosibirsk State University | |
| Academic degree | Doctor of Agricultural Sciences | |
| Academic rank | Professor Academician of RAAS | |
| Awards and prizes |
| |
He developed the concept of the genetic component of the sustainable development of agroecobiocenoses, on the basis of which, as a result of studying the evolutionary and genetic consequences of the Chernobyl accident (1986), he formulated the thesis on the universal population genetic consequences of environmental disasters associated with the elimination of part of the gene pool, the shift of genetic structures to typical forms , more primitive (ancestral), but more resistant to adverse environmental factors.
Content
Biography
He studied at secondary school No. 4 of Achinsk ( Krasnoyarsk Territory ), in 1964-1965 - at the Physics and Mathematics School at the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences ( Novosibirsk ). In 1972 he graduated from the Faculty of Natural Sciences of Novosibirsk State University with a degree in genetics [1] .
From 1971 to 1990 he worked in the laboratory of the genetic basis of animal breeding at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Novosibirsk). At the same time he taught at Novosibirsk State University [1] .
In 1990 he was transferred to the Southern branch of the All-Union Agricultural Academy of Agricultural Sciences (from the 22.9.1990 - Ukrainian Academy of Agricultural Sciences); headed the genetic engineering laboratory of the Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics , the Department of Agroecobiotechnology (since 1994) and the Department of Radioecology (2004-2006) at the Institute of Agroecology and Biotechnology [1] . At the same time he taught at Kiev State University. T. G. Shevchenko , at the Kharkov Veterinary Institute , National Agrarian University , at the Kiev-Mohyla Academy [1] . In 1994, he worked at the University of Bangor [1] .
In 2006, he became deputy director for science at the GNU VNII of rice of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences ( Krasnodar ). Since 2006 he has been working at the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev : Advisor to the Rector, then - Head of the Center for Nanobiotechnology [1] .
Family
Father - Ivan Semenovich Glazko, Stakhanovite miner, member of the partisan movement, repressed after the end of World War II; mother - Faina Karpovna Glazko [2] .
Scientific activity
In 1979 he defended his thesismajoring in genetics, in 1991 - doctoral in the specialties "genetics" and "selection and breeding of animals" [1] .
The main areas of research:
- Evolutionary, population and environmental genetics,
- Genetic foundations of shaping and domestication,
- Biotechnology, the use of DNA technology in the genetics of domestic and wild species, as well as the co-evolution of human gene pools and domesticated species [1] .
Key achievements:
- He proposed a way to reduce the number of intermediate variants of crosses based on the analysis of the proximity of genetic structures, evaluated by a complex of molecular genetic markers. The method was introduced when breeding a new cross-bred breed group of meat-and-wool sheep adapted to the conditions of Western Siberia, which halved the time of creating the breed. The Siberian as well as Transcarpathian Ukrainian meat and wool breed of sheep was approved [1] .
- It was found that in domesticated animal species, the polymorphism of transport proteins and metabolic enzymes of exogenous substrates is higher, and in wild species , enzymes of intracellular energy metabolism. Similar ratios were found in cultivated and closely related wild plant species (in particular, soybeans ) [1] .
- He showed the universality of population-genetic changes in generations experiencing the influence of biotic and abiotic factors of environmental stress, towards intraspecific older, less specialized forms [1] .
- Determined the population-genetic consequences of environmental disasters (for example, the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant ) [1] :
- increasing the dose of ionizing radiation does not induce new genetic damage, but enhances the potentially available, specific to individual genotypes;
- in cattle generations, there is a violation of the equally probable transmission of allelic variants for various types of molecular genetic markers (both for structural genes and for DNA fragments flanked by various microsatellite repeats);
- the chronic effect of low-dose ionizing radiation does not lead to the accumulation of mutations in a number of species in the Chernobyl exclusion zone, however, it is accompanied by selection against radiosensitive individuals and reproduction in generations of only part of the original gene pool.
He formulated the concept of sustainable development of agroecobiocenoses. Its main postulate is the thesis [3] on the universal population-genetic consequences of environmental disasters associated with the elimination of part of the gene pool, the shift of genetic structures to typical forms that are more primitive (ancestral), but more resistant to adverse environmental factors. Environmental stress factors of various (bio- and abiotic) nature lead to similar intrapopulation differentiation, in particular, according to such genetic-biochemical systems as the ergocalciferol receptor locus and, therefore, the regulation system of intracellular calcium metabolism; and the locus of purinucleoside phosphorylase that regulates the rate of cell division.
As a result of the analysis of the dynamics within and interpopulation (pedigree, varietal) variability of biochemical markers of structural genes of animals and plants, he formulated a hypothesis postulating the presence of a “subgenome” uniting structural genes, the variability of which is closely related to the mechanisms of morphogenesis in domesticated species [4] .
Member of the Biotechnological Society of Poland (since 2001). In 2005 he was elected a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences , in 2007 - an academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences [1] .
Until 2006, he was chairman of the specialized Academic Council for the defense of doctoral and master's theses (in the specialties "genetics", "biotechnology", "ecology") at the Institute of Agroecology and Biotechnology of the UAAS, a member of the specialized Academic Council at the Institute of Cellular Biology of Genetic Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine [1] . Member of the editorial boards of the journals “ Cytology and Genetics ”, “Physiology and Biochemistry of Plants”, “Animal Science Papers and Reports” (Polish Academy of Sciences), “Agroecological Journal”, “Ecological Bulletin”, “Izvestia TSHA” (Deputy Editor-in-Chief) [1 ] .
Prepared 12 candidates and 3 doctors of sciences [1] .
The author of more than 700 scientific papers, including 40 monographs, textbooks, dictionaries [1] .
- Belopukhov S. L. , Starykh S.E. , Glazko V.I., Budazhapova M. Zh. Chemical Dictionary: Terms and Definitions in Physical, Colloidal, and Nanochemistry. - Moscow: Publishing House of the RSAU-ICCA, 2013 .-- 259 p. - 300 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9675-0904-9
- Glazko V.I. Biochemical genetics of sheep / Otv. ed. O.K. Baranov. - Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1985 .-- 167 p. - 1250 copies.
- Glazko V.I. Genetics of isoenzymes of animals and plants / Ed. A.A. Sozinova . - Kiev: Harvest, 1993 .-- 527 p. - ISBN 5-337-01423-4
- Glazko V.I. Genetics of isoenzymes of farm animals / Ed. N. N. Schukina. - M.: VINITI, 1988 .-- 210 p. - (General genetics / VINITI; T. 10). - (Results of science and technology: Ser.).
- Glazko V.I. Genetic aspects of the application of biotechnology in animal husbandry. - Kiev: B. and., 1991 .-- 12 p. - 2000 copies.
- Glazko V.I. Animal DNA technology / Ed. A.A. Sozinova . - Kiev: B. and., 1997 .-- 173 p.
- Glazko V.I. Use of genetically determined variants of blood proteins to characterize populations of purebred and crossbred sheep: Author's abstract. dis. ... cand. biol. sciences. - Novosibirsk, 1979. - 16 p.
- Glazko V. I. The use of genetic markers for the analysis of the morphogenesis in animals: Abstract. dis. ... Dr. S.-kh. sciences. - Kiev, 1991 .-- 50 p.
- Glazko V.I. Chronology of genetics, previous and related events. - M.: Publishing House of the Russian State Agrarian University - ICCA, 2011 .-- 600 p. - 250 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9675-0598-0
- Glazko V.I. Ecology of the 21st Century: Glossary of Terms: Reference and Encyclopedic Literature: [DNA Technologies and Bioinformatics. Selection. General and applied genetics. General and molecular biology]. - M .: Course Infra-M, 2016 .-- 991 p. - ISBN 978-5-905554-92-6 . - ISBN 978-5-16-011505-4
- Glazko V.I., Belopukhov S. L. Nanotechnology and nanomaterials in agriculture. - M.: Publishing House of the RSAU - ICCA, 2008 .-- 227 p. - 500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9675-0269-9
- Glazko V.I., Glazko G.V. Explanatory Dictionary of Terms in General and Molecular Biology, General and Applied Genetics, Breeding, DNA Technology and Bioinformatics: 2 vols. - M.: Academic Book: Medkniga, 2008.
- T. 1: AO. - 2008 .-- 671 s. - ISBN 978-5-94628-255-0 . - 2000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-94628-269-7
- T. 2: PJ. - 2008 .-- 530 s. - ISBN 978-5-94628-270-3 . - 2000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9784-0006-9
- Glazko V.I., Dunin I.M. , Glazko G.V. , Kalashnikova L.A. Introduction to DNA technology. - M: Rosinformagroteh, 2001 .-- 434 p. - 1000 copies. - ISBN 5-7367-0290-8
- Glazko V.I., Ivanov D.I. Dictionary of Agricultural Ecology. - SPb .: State. Research Institute of Lake and River Fisheries, 2006. - 366 + 2 s. - 1000 copies. - ISBN 5-7199-0305-4
- Glazko V.I., Kosovsky G. Yu. , Glazko T. T. Introduction to the genomic selection of animals. - M .: Pleasant Company, 2012. - 257 p. - 200 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9903300-3-0
- Glazko V.I., Cheshko V.F. August-48, Lessons from the Past: (Scientific killerhood, on the history of Soviet genetics, on the collapse of the USSR). - M.: Publishing House of the RSAU-MSHA, 2009 .-- 440 p. - 100 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9675-0337-5
- August-48: The phenomenon of "proletarian science": (scientific killer, on the history of Soviet genetics, on the phenomenon of the collapse of the USSR). - M.: NEFTiGAZ, 2013 .-- 380 s. - 250 copies. - ISBN 978-5-905851-12-4
- Glazko V.I., Yuldashbaev Yu.A. , Kushnir A.V. et al. Traditional and metabolic selection of sheep. - M .: Course Infra-M, 2014 .-- 558 p. - ISBN 978-5-905554-74-2 . - 500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-16-010218-4
- Glazko T.T. , Arkhipov N.P. , Glazko V.I. Population-genetic consequences of environmental disasters on the example of the Chernobyl accident. - M .: FSEI HPE RSAU - Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K.A. Timiryazeva, 2008 .-- 555 + 16 s. - 500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-9675-0218-7 .
- Kalashnikova L.A., Dunin I.M. , Glazko V.I. 21st Century Selection: Using DNA Technologies. - Forest Glades (Moscow Region): VNIIplem Publishing House, 2000. - 31 p. - 200 copies. - ISBN 5-87958-129-2
- Kharchenko P.N. , Glazko V.I. DNA technology in the development of agrobiology / Ed. B.F. Vanyushina. - M.: Sunday, 2006 .-- 473 p. - 1000 copies. - ISBN 5-88528-519-5
Awards and Prizes
- Prize "For outstanding achievements in agricultural science" of the Ukrainian Academy of Agricultural Sciences (1995) [1]
- Prize to them. V. Ya. Yuryev of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (1998) [1]
- Certificate of Honor of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation (2009)
- commemorative silver medal to them. N.I. Vavilova (RANS, 2010)
- honorary silver medal to them. I.A. Bunina (2011)
- Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of education (2012).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Sokolov et al., 2009 .
- ↑ Valery Ivanovich Glazko: Biobibliographic Index. - M .: Publishing House of the RSAU-Moscow Artists Academy. K.A. Timiryazev, 2014 .-- S. 171-178. - 343 p.
- ↑ Glazko et al., 2008 .
- ↑ Glazko V.I. Formation and microevolution: rock formation, metabolomics, subgenome // Farm Animals. - 2014. - No. 1 (5) . - S. 20–33 .
Literature
- Sokolov M.S., Popov S. Ya., Raskin M.S. Valery Ivanovich Glazko // Agricultural Biology. - 2009. - No. 4 . - S. 121-123 .