Plakhta is the unplaced waist part of a female Ukrainian national costume in eastern, southern, central Ukraine, such as a skirt . It was made of colorful checkered wool cloths.
The plakhta is a cloth up to 4 meters long [1] woven from dyed wool with a more or less whimsical pattern.
As well as the reserve, the pad is a very old clothes. Both the reserve and the plakhta were clothes of the lower part of the body from the Cossack times, when the clothes were distinguished by a special pomp. In Cossack times, plakhts were made of silk, embroidering gold and silver threads over it.
Content
Value
Girls who had reached sexual maturity , during the initiation, could symbolically wear a flossing cap - dedicating them to “virginity”. Plakhta, as a symbol of fertility, was supposed to protect the sacral parts of the girl's body, giving them the strength of the future woman's fertility [2] .
Cut the crown
The plakhta was sewn from two panels ( mane ) and a half to two meters long, which were sewn together approximately by half or two thirds. After that, they doubled over so that the stitched part covered the figure from behind, and unstitched wings (in Ukrainian Creece ) were freely hung on the sides [1] .
Pattern
The plahts could have been black, blue, red, green, and yellow. The pattern on the planes is staggered. The very pattern and color of the plakht depended on a specific locality. In Chernihiv region, mostly green cloths were worn, and in Poltava region - yellow ones. The last plakhtas were woven mainly in Sorochintsy , they were red, green, blue and white. In Dykanka , Shishak and Reshetilovka, plakhts with asterisks were woven. Patterns of the plates gradually moved to the patterns of pillows.
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the plakhts began to go out of use, but still remained in some localities on the Left Bank and in the Kiev region . Patterns have become more simple and unassuming. Each of the patterns had its own name: checkered, bruise, pink, slingshot, mortgage, crackling, etc.
An apron was always worn in front of the plakhta where the cut was made. The plakhts were woolen, and the well-to-do wore half silk.
Hutsuls and partly strikers wore a spare wheel instead of a plakhta, often intricately woven with metal and silk thread. These spare wheels were often bright yellow, sometimes blue or occasionally in other colors. These spare wheels were sewn in transverse bands, and not in the cell, as in the rest of Ukraine. In Bukovina and Bessarabia, the reserve was black with a more or less variegated edge at the bottom.
In the western regions of Ukraine - outerwear made of linen . Poles, Lusatians, Slovaks have a head and shoulder cape.
Plakhta with apron
See also
- A good
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Ukrainian women's belt clothing XIX - early XX century.
- ↑ Vrochinsky P. V. Eastern Europe in the era of stone and bronze / P. V. Vrochinsky. - M.: Science, 1976. - 87 p.
Literature
- Encyclopedia of Ukraine for schoolchildren and students. Donetsk: Stalker, 2000. - 496 p.
Link
- Plakhta (inaccessible link) // Big Dictionary of Modern Ukrainian . - 5th ed. - K.; Irpen: Perun, 2005. - ISBN 966-569-013-2 .
- Plakhty on the site of the collection Krovits