Chlamydospores , or gemmas , are the organs of vegetative propagation of some zygomycetes and other fungi , which are thick-walled, enlarged cells of a round shape, also used to survive adverse conditions.
The term was proposed in 1859 by Anton de Bari to refer to thick-walled spores formed in hyphae and on fruit bodies of asterophors . It is formed from dr. Greek. χλαμύς - “cover”. In 1873, F. van Tigem and J. Lemonier adopted it to designate one of the types of spores formed by mushroom mushrooms.
Chlamydospores are formed endogenously within a part of the final or intercalary hyphal cell during protoplast contraction. Cell enlargement and wall thickening occurs only after the formation of a septa . As a result, very viable spherical cells with dark thick walls are formed. The release of intercalary chlamydospores occurs only after the decomposition of the hyphae from which it is formed.
Arthrospores are similar structures formed by the fragmentation of hyphae into individual cells, which, however, are not enlarged.
Literature
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