Nikolai Vasilyevich Lesyuchevsky (December 18, 1907 (January 1, 1908), Kursk - December 26, 1978, Moscow) - Soviet writer , journalist , literary critic and editor. Honored Worker of Culture of the RSFSR (1974).
| Nikolai Vasilyevich Lesyuchevsky | |
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| Occupation | literary critic |
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Content
Biography
In 1931 he graduated from the Leningrad Historical and Linguistic Institute (first graduation). Published since 1930.
Chairman of the Vasileostrovsky branch of RAPP . Member of the Union of Writers of the USSR since 1934. Member of the CPSU (b) since 1940.
He worked in the magazine "Construction", deputy chief editor. Later - the editor of the magazine " Star ", was removed from office with the imposition of party penalties.
During the Great Patriotic War, a front-line correspondent, since June 1943, editor of the Za Rodina Homeland newspaper of the 48th Infantry Division , and since December 1944, deputy editor-in-chief of the 42nd Army army attack newspaper, Major. He was awarded the Order of the Red Star, World War 2 degree [1] .
Editor-in-chief of the publishing house " Soviet Writer " (1951-1957), in 1958-1964 - chairman of the board, since 1964 - director of the publishing house "Soviet Writer". He was buried at the Kuntsevsky cemetery in Moscow [2] ( 10 students ).
Participation in the persecution of dissidents in the USSR
Subsequently, Lesyuchevsky was accused of complicity in reprisals against a number of writers ( Boris Kornilov , Benedikt Livshits , Elena Tager , Nikolai Zabolotsky ) [3] .
During the Khrushchev thaw , an attempt was made to remove Lesyuchevsky from his post, but he managed to maintain his post.
Nikolai Vasilyevich Lesyuchevsky - a personality for his time is characteristic. For many years he has been at the head of the largest Soviet publishing house, the main publication of Soviet writers. His services to his native literature are great: Lesyuchevsky was the author of denunciations, on the basis of which writers were arrested and destroyed from 1937 to 1953. His participation in the arrests of Boris Kornilov, who was shot in 1938, and Nikolai Zabolotsky, who died his death after rehabilitation, but spent eight years in the camps, is documented. The largest historian of Russian literature, Pushkinist Julian Grigorievich Oksman once during a ceremonial meeting in memory of Pushkin, at the Bolshoi Theater, refused to give Lesyuchevsky a hand. There were various representatives - from the Writers' Union, from the Literary Museum; seeing Lesyuchevsky, Yu. G. Oksman loudly asked: “And here are you from? From the killers of poets? ”When, after 1956, the secret became apparent and denunciations were revealed, some writers demanded that Lesyuchevsky be brought to justice. He wrote a statement to the party committee of the Writers' Union (I read this fantastic document), in which he explained that he was always a devoted son of his party, firmly believed in its infallibility and in the correctness of its general line, and, on instructions from the party, made a revealing commentary on Kornilov’s poems , was convinced of the crime of the poet, who, portraying wild animals, of course encrypted Soviet society in zoological images. In 1937-1938, he, Lesyuchevsky, was an ardent, uncompromising Komsomol member, and his only fault was that he was too recklessly devoted to the high ideals of communism. He did not seem to make excuses regarding the denunciation of Zabolotsky, but it was so easy to accuse the author of the "Columns" or "Lodeynikov" of counter-revolution!
- Etkind E. G. Notes of the non-conspirator.
Creativity
The main literary articles relate to the works of Soviet writers - M. Sholokhov [4] , N. Ostrovsky [5] , L. Leonov [6] . “He approached the phenomena of current literature from the rigid standpoint of the class struggle and the Stalinist struggle against“ rotten liberalism ”” [7]
Known for negative reviews at the request of the NKVD [8] for the work of N. Zabolotsky [9] , B. Kornilov [10] , who played a fatal role in their fate.
Peer ratings
Lesyuchevsky, with his eyes closed, knew the portfolios of all the editions, the manuscript passage schedules, the biographies of the staff — all the details.
- Sergey Kaledin “We have been given young years for fun ...”
Lesyuchevsky was a real major publisher, broadly, broadly minded, with impeccable taste with some tyranny. The size of his personality determined the policy of the only elite professional publishing house of Soviet writers <"Soviet writer"> in the country and in Europe.
...Lesyuchevsky was a heavy, independent, domineering man; writers, as such, did not really like it. He truly loved only literature, Russian prose and devotedly served her and her idols.
- Anna Gvozdeva (L. R. Proskurina), excerpts from the memoir “The Universe Flies at the Speed of Love”
| “Then the director of the publishing house was Nikolai Vasilyevich Lesyuchevsky, a stupid bureaucrat and scammer who did not understand anything in literature. In the 30s, he was a secret expert of the NKVD, that is, he evaluated the literary merits of the texts of arrested writers, among which were such famous ones as Nikolai Zabolotsky, Pavel Vasiliev, Boris Kornilov [11] . ”Voinovich Vladimir Nikolaevich |
Bibliography
- Notes on Humor // Krasnaya Gazeta. - L., 1933. - April 4. - No. 78. - S. 3
- Grigoriev N. “Ganja armored train” // “Star”. - 1940. - No. 7
- About the verses of Zabolotsky // "Literary Russia". - 1989. - No. 10. - S. 10.
Known addresses
- High-rise building on Kudrinskaya Square [12]
- Reserve travel
- Peredelkino
Notes
- ↑ Memory of the people
- ↑ Lesyuchevsky Nikolai Vasilievich (1908-1978)
- ↑ Scammers and traitors among Soviet writers and scholars
- ↑ Lesyuchevsky N. The Great Victory of Soviet Literature: About M. Sholokhov's “Virgin Soil Upturned” // Change. - 1933. - April 23
- ↑ Lesyuchevsky N. Writer of the heroic generation // Star. - 1937.
- ↑ Lesyuchevsky N. The Way of Perestroika L. Leonov. About the novel. “Sot” // Literary studies. - 1932. - No. 4
- ↑ From the history of literary associations of Petrograd - Leningrad ...: Issled. and materials / Ros. Acad. sciences. Inst. Rus. lit. (Pushkin. House); [Repl. ed. V.P. Muromsky] {{Unavailable link | date = October 2017 | bot = InternetArchiveBot}}. - SPb. : Nauka, 2002 (inaccessible link) . Date of treatment January 10, 2016. Archived November 22, 2015.
- ↑ Zabolotsky, Nikolai Alekseevich (Russian) // Wikipedia. - 2019-01-09.
- ↑ Chukovskaya, Lidia Korneevna (1907-1996). Notes on Anna Akhmatova [Text] {{Unavailable link | date = October 2017 | bot = InternetArchiveBot}}: [in 3 volumes] / Lidia Chukovskaya. - M .: "Time", 2013. (unavailable link) . Date of treatment January 10, 2016. Archived November 22, 2015.
- ↑ The sovereign ruler of the “Soviet writer” Nikolai Vasilyevich Lesyuchevsky - the Stalinist falcon ...
- ↑ Voinovich Vladimir Nikolaevich // "Self-portrait: The novel of my life", chapter "Even Vova became a writer!"
- ↑ Residents of a skyscraper on Kudrinskaya Square
Literature
- Poltoratsky V. Organizer of literary affairs // "Literary Russia". - 1968. - January 12.
- Sobolev L. Nikolay Vasilyevich ... // "Lit. newspaper". - 1968. - January 17.