Skakov, Yuri Alexandrovich

Yuri Skakov was born in the city of Khabarovsk on October 24, 1925 . His mother, Natalya Tikhonovna, a teacher of mathematics, worked at the school for more than forty years, and his father, Alexander Ivanovich Skakov , a metalworker , doctor of technical sciences , winner of the Stalin Prize , is an expert in rail steel, the author of the monograph “The quality of railway rails”.

Yu. A. Skakov's childhood took place in the village of Rozhdestvensky , Povorinsky District , Voronezh Region , the birthplace of his mother and in the town of Borisoglebsk , where his father was from. When the Great Patriotic War began , Yuri Alexandrovich was a fifteen-year-old Moscow schoolboy.

Because of strong myopia, he was forced to remain in the rear of the entire war: in July 1941 he built fortifications under Vyazma . The Research Institute of Railway Transport , in which his father worked, was evacuated to Tashkent . After graduating from high school, Yu. A. Skakov entered the Leningrad Polytechnic Institute named after MI Kalinin , who was evacuated in Tashkent.

Upon returning to Moscow in 1943, he transferred to the second year at the Moscow Institute of Steel. Stalin , who graduated with honors in 1947 in the department of metallurgy and heat treatment of steel. In his thesis work, J.Skakov established an interesting scientific fact - isothermal formation of martensite in HVG steel.

As the best student, he was offered to enroll in graduate school , and Academician N. T. Gudtsov became his supervisor.

Yu. A. Skakov began his teaching career in 1950, while still a graduate student . In 1950 he defended his thesis on "The study of the structure of iron-nickel-aluminum alloys for permanent magnets ." For the first time in the USSR, he created a training course for universities “ Electron microscopy of metals”, which he read to students during all the years of teaching. At the same time, Yu. A. Skakov developed a laboratory workshop on electron microscopy.

He defended his doctoral thesis in 1967, he was awarded the academic title of professor in 1968, and in 1969 he was elected on a competitive basis as the head of the department " X-ray and Physics of Metals", which Yuri Alexandrovich held until 1991.

Yu. A. Skakov is the author of textbooks on which generations of students studied and continue to study. In 1957, the Laboratory of Metallography , Yu. A. Skakov, was published as part of a team of authors. This book was then reprinted in 1965.

In collaboration with S. S. Gorelik and L. N. Rastorguev in 1963, Yu. A. Skakov prepared for publication Radiographic and Electron-Optical Analysis, a fundamental tutorial that summarized the methodological developments and experience of the laboratory of electron microscopy of the department Radiography and physics of metals. "

Subsequently, this book was reprinted several times (the most recent edition is 2002), and continues to serve many generations of students and researchers without losing its relevance. And finally, the textbook "Physics of Metals", written in collaboration with his teacher, a radiograph by Ya. S. Umansky. For this textbook authors in 1980 received the State Prize of the USSR .

Yury Alexandrovich was buried at the Khovansky cemetery in Moscow.

Together with L. M. Utevsky, in 1948, at the Department of Metal Science and Heat Treatment, MISiS participated in the creation of the first electron microscopy laboratory in universities, and then in 1978 - the inter-departmental laboratory of amorphous metal alloys .

The leading scientist at MISiS, Professor Yu. A. Skakov, actively participated in the work of qualifying academic councils. He was a member of the doctoral council at the Institute of Metal Physics of the Central Research Institute of Metrology and the Doctoral Council of Materials Science in Metallurgy MISiS, as well as the Chairman of the Candidate Council on Corrosion and Protection of Metals, in metal science and heat treatment .

For many years Yu. A. Skakov was a member of the WAC expert council on metallurgy . He spent a lot of time and effort on editorial activities in various scientific journals: Factory Laboratory, etc. For many years he was the permanent editor in the abstract journal VINITI Metallurgy, took part in the work of the Scientific Council of the USSR Academy of Sciences on Solid State Physics and in the Commission on electron microscopy of the USSR Academy of Sciences, in the society named A. S. Popova.

Yu. A. Skakov was among the organizers of scientific conferences and meetings. So in 1980, for the first time in the country, he organized the First All-Union Conference "Problems of the study of the structure and properties of amorphous alloys".

In the early 1970s, Yu. A. Skakov began conducting studies on the phase composition of alloys obtained by quenching from a liquid state. The next stage of the scientific work of Yu. A. Skakov was the study of phase states arising in the process of solid-phase reactions under the conditions of mechanochemical synthesis , the purpose of which was the creation of high-strength industrial materials.

The greatest practical interest in his work is the development of materials with particularly high technological plasticity (they are based on alloys with a "bulk nanocrystalline structure"), as well as the development of mechanochemical synthesis technology in the production of hard magnetic alloys based on rare earth metals .

Yu. A. Skakov is the author of ten inventions and more than 250 scientific papers, the most important of which are:

Tutorials

• Gorelik S.S., Rastorguev L.N., Skakov Yu.A. Radiographic and electron-optical analysis, a textbook for universities. - M .: Metallurgy, 1970. - 366 p.
• Metal science and heat treatment of steel, reference book. - M .: Metallurgy, 1995.
• Panchenko E.V., Skakov Yu.A., Krimer B.I .; ed. Livshits B.G. Laboratory of Metallography. - M .: Metallurgy, 1965. - 440 p.
• Umansky Ya.S., Skakov Yu.A. Physics of metals: atomic structure of metals and alloys, a textbook for universities. - M .: Atomizdat, 1978. - 352 p.
• Umansky Ya.S., Skakov Yu.A., Ivanov A.N. Rastorguev L.N. Crystallography, X-ray and electron microscopy, a textbook for universities. - M .: Metallurgy, 1982. - 632 p.

Articles

• Skakov Yu.A. High-energy cold plastic deformation, diffusion and mechanochemical synthesis // Metallurgical Science and Heat Treatment. - 2004. - № №7 . - p . 3-12 .

• Skakov Yu.A. Changing the structure of technical iron during aging // Metallography and heat treatment of metals. - 1961. - № №1 .

• Skakov Yu.A. Formation and stability of metastable phases in mechanochemical synthesis // Metallography and heat treatment. - 2005. - № №4 . - p . 45-54 .

• Skakov Yu. A. Structure of iron-nickel-aluminum alloys for permanent magnets. Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. - M. , 1951. - T. IXXIX .

• Skakov Yu.A. The structure of amorphous metal alloys and the conditions of amorphization // Metallography and heat treatment of metals. - 2000. - № №10 . - p . 3-10 .

• Skakov Yu.A., Degtyareva V.F. Some regularities of phase formation in binary systems of B-elements // Crystallography. - M. , 1976. - T. 21 , no. 2 - p . 405-407 .

• Skakov Yu.A., Edneral N.V., Koknaeva M.R. The formation and stability of intermetallic compounds during the mechanical activation of powders in a ball mill. - M .: Physics of Metals and Metallography, 1992. - Vol. 2 - p . 111-124 .

• Skakov Yu.A., Edneral N.V., Lyakishev V.A. Study of the structure and phase composition of Fe-C-Si alloys obtained by quenching from a liquid state // Physics of Metals and Metallography. - M. , 1977. - T. 43 , no. 2 - p . 426-427 .

• Skakov, Yu.A., Zhalnin, B.V., Kekalo, IB, Shelekhov, E.V. Phase transformations and changes in the magnetic characteristics during the formation of a nanocrystalline state in an amorphous iron-based alloy. Physics of metals and metal science. - M. , 1995. - Vol. 5 - p . 94-106 .

• Skakov Yu.A., Mezhenny Yu.O., Edneral N.V. Packing and Segregation Defects in Cobalt Based Alloys // Physics of Metals and Metal Physics. - 1964. - V. 17 , no. 5

• Skakov Yu.A., Spiridonov V.B., Iordansky V.N. Structural changes and changes in properties during aging of martensite of chromium-nickel steels // Reports of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. - 1964. - V. 158 , no. 3

• Skakov Yu.A., Chernikova I.N., Sharshatkina A.V. On the structure and composition of low-steels carbide // Reports of the USSR Academy of Sciences. - 1958. - V. 18 , no. 2

Laureate of the State Prize of the USSR in 1980 for the textbook "Physics of Metals: Atomic Structure of Metals and Alloys", written in collaboration with Ya. S. Umansky.

• Moscow State Institute of Steel and Alloys (Technical University). 75 years MISiS. Years Events People. - M .: Elita R, 2005.

• Skakova T. Yu. With admiration and gratitude. The memory of the father and the teacher and of our now completely past life in the past century. - M .: Scientific book, 2015. - 154 p. - ISBN 978-5-91393-130-6 .

• Gorelik S.S. Without a century. - M .: Kalvis, 2007. - 336 p. - ISBN 5-87623-162-2 .

• PHYS-HIM 55 years. Jubilee collection. - MISiS, 2003. - 168 p.

• Memories of our Master (Unsolved) . The site of the group MF-68-1, MISiS.
• Invention: A method of making samples for measuring the physical and mechanical properties of alloy powders, the components of which form intermetallic compounds (Unidentified) . site FREEPATENT.
• Skakov Yu. A. On the ninetieth birthday (Uns.) . Mechanical Engineering and Engineering Education, Issue 3, 2015. (inaccessible link)
• Skakov Yuri Alexandrovich. (Neopr.) Department of Physical Materials Science MISiS.
• Skakov Yuri Alexandrovich (10/24/1925 - 03/30/2009) (Neopr.) . Conference dedicated to the 90th anniversary of professor Yu.A. Skakov.