Panophobia (syn. : pantophobia, panphobia [1] ; from other Greek πᾶν - everything and others. Greek. -φοβία, φόβος - “fear”) - fear of everything, any actions and events, any changes in the internal and external environment, accompanied by anxiety and discomfort [1] . A person who has such a phobia constantly thinks that something bad should happen, and this fear is constantly present. Constant anxiety prevents a person from living in the present. He lives, thinking about the past, living in the past, thinking about what happened to him. A person with panophobia, as a rule, has developed imagination and he can come up with something that is unlikely in everyday life. He seeks signs justifying his fear and anxiety. Panophobia can be considered a form of constant anxiety rather than a phobia in the clinical sense [2] .
| Panophobia | |
|---|---|
| ICD-10 | F 40. |
| ICD-9 | 300.2 |
Content
- 1 History
- 2 Diagnostics
- 3 notes
- 4 References
History
The term panphobia was first introduced by Ribot in 1911 in the work “Psychology of emotions” [3] . He defined it as “a condition in which the patient is afraid of everything or nothing, where anxiety, instead of being confined to one object, swims, as in a dream, and only becomes fixed for a moment when, moving from one object to another, in determines the source of danger, as appropriate. ”
Diagnostics
The American Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the last, 5th edition ( DSM-5 ) does not have a specific phobia that meets comprehensive fear, but there is generalized anxiety disorder , which is described as “excessive anxiety and anxiety (bad forebodings) about a number of events or actions ” [4] .
ICD-10 also contains only generalized anxiety disorder ( F 41.1 ), the main feature of which is anxiety, which is persistent and generalized in nature, but “not limited by any specific environmental circumstances and not even arising with obvious preference in these circumstances ( it is “unfixed”) ” [5] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 V.M. Bleicher, I.V. Kruk. Pantophobia // Explanatory Dictionary of Psychiatric Terms. - MODEK, 1995. - ISBN 5-87224-067-8 .
- ↑ Ronald Manual Doctor, Ada P. Kahn, Christine A. Adamec. Panphobia // The Encyclopedia of Phobias, Fears, and Anxieties. - Infobase Publishing, 2010 .-- P. 347. - ISBN 978-0-8160-6453-3 .
- ↑ Papakostas, YG; Eftychiadis, A .; Papakostas, GI; Christodoulou, GN (2003). "A Historical Inquiry into the Appropriateness of the Term 'Panic Disorder'." History of Psychiatry 14 (2): 195. doi: 10.1177 / 0957154X030142004
- ↑ American Psychiatric Association . Anxiety disorders // Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5). - Arlington, VA, 2013 .-- Vol. 5. - P. 190. - ISBN 978-0-89042-554-1 , ISBN 978-0-89042-555-8 .
- ↑ F4 Neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders // International Classification of Diseases (10th revision).