Nicolas Renault ( fr. Nicolas Reynaud ; 1771-1828) - French military leader, brigadier general (1806), baron (1809), participant in the revolutionary and Napoleonic wars.
| Nicolas Renault | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| fr. Nicolas reynaud | ||||
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| Date of Birth | September 29, 1771 | |||
| Place of Birth | Le Puy-en-Velay , province of Auvergne (now department of Haute-Loire ), Kingdom of France | |||
| Date of death | July 27, 1828 (56 years old) | |||
| Place of death | Le Puy-en-Velay , Department of Haute-Loire , Kingdom of France | |||
| Affiliation |  France | |||
| Type of army | Cavalry | |||
| Years of service | 1791 - 1824 | |||
| Rank | Brigadier General | |||
| Commanded | 20th Dragoon Regiment (1800-06), cuirassier team (1806-09), cuirassier brigade (1811-13), 5th Heavy Cavalry Division (1812-13) | |||
| Battles / wars |
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| Awards and prizes |
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Content
Biography
He began military service on February 1, 1791 with the rank of second lieutenant in the 34th infantry regiment. September 16, 1792 captain of the infantry in the Legion of the Pyrenees. On November 1, he was transferred to the cavalry of the same legion, which was transformed on September 6, 1793 into the 22nd Horse-Jaeger Regiment. From 1793 to 1795 he served in the Army of the Eastern Pyrenees, then from 1795 to 1798 - in the Italian Army.
In 1798 he was assigned to the Eastern Army of General Bonaparte and took part in the Egyptian expedition. On August 11, 1798, at the battle of Salahia, being wounded by a saber in the head and a bullet in the thigh, he received the rank of squadron commander from Bonaparte on the battlefield. On September 23, 1800, General Menu promoted Renault to colonel and appointed commander of the 20th Dragoon Regiment. On March 21, 1801, he was wounded in the battle of Canope, where he was hit with a bayonet in his right hand, and a horse was killed under him. After the French surrender in Alexandria, in December 1801 he returned to his homeland.
From 1803 to 1805 he served in the Army of the Ocean Coast. He took part in the campaigns of 1805 and 1806 in the 1st Dragoon division of General Klein . He took part in the battles of Ulm, Austerlitz, Jena and Golimin. October 17, 1805 under Neresheim captured 1000 Austrians and 2 guns.
On December 31, 1806 he was promoted to brigadier general, and was appointed commander of the 1st brigade of the 3rd heavy cavalry division of General Espanye . He distinguished himself in the battle of Heilsberg.
In 1809 he participated in a campaign against Austria. Heroically fought at Essling. May 21, temporarily led the entire division after the death of General Espany in this battle. July 6, wounded by a bullet in his hand at Wagram. On July 21, Renault was appointed commandant of the cavalry depot in Penzing .
On November 3 he returned to France and on November 9 he was appointed commandant of the cavalry depot in Libourne . Since September 1810, remained without an official appointment.
March 18, 1811 he returned to active service with the appointment of the commander of the 3rd mobile convoy to search for and capture deserters in the 21st military district. November 30, 1811 was appointed commander of the department of Lippe .
December 25, 1811 received the post of commander of the 1st brigade of the 5th division of the heavy cavalry . He participated in the Russian campaign as part of the Great Army, fought at Ostrovno, Vitebsk, Smolensk and Borodino. September 25, 1812 replaced General Valence as commander of the division.
He returned to France due to health problems, and from April 1, 1813 he remained without a job. On May 10, he was appointed responsible for checking the cavalry depots of the 9th, 10th, 11th and 20th military districts, and on August 20 he was again appointed to identify deserters and evading military service.
After the first restoration, the Bourbons remained without a job. During the “Hundred Days” he arrived on May 12, 1815 at the cavalry depot formed in Troyes, but did not enter the service.
December 1, 1824 resigned.
He died on July 27, 1828 at the age of 56 years.
Military ranks
- Junior Lieutenant (February 1, 1791);
- Captain (September 16, 1792);
- Squadron commander (August 11, 1798);
- Colonel (September 23, 1800);
- Brigadier General (December 31, 1806).
Titles
- Baron of Reno and the Empire ( French: Baron Reynaud et de l'Empire ; Decree of March 19, 1808, patent validated February 10, 1809) [1] .
Rewards
Legionnaire of the Legion of Honor (December 11, 1803)
Legion of Honor Officer (June 14, 1804)
Commander of the Legion of Honor (December 25, 1805)
Notes
Sources
- A. Lievyns, Jean Maurice Verdot, Pierre Bégat, Fastes de la Légion-d'honneur, biographie de tous les décorés accompagnée de l'histoire législative et réglementaire de l'ordre, Bureau de l'administration, janvier 1844, 529 p.
- Vicomte Révérend, Armorial du premier empire, tome 4, Honoré Champion, libraire, Paris, 1897, p. 134.