A lens is a lenticular-shaped geological body with a maximum thickness in the center and quickly wedging out in all directions. Its power is small compared with the length [1] . The ratio of power to length of the lens exceeds 1/100, with a lower ratio they speak of a lenticular formation. Lenses strongly elongated in one direction are called cord-shaped bodies. In the form of lenses and cord-like bodies, channel river and lake deposits occur [2] . The occurrence of rocks in the form of lenses is explained by the uneven sedimentation conditions [3] , metamorphism, volcanism and the formation of intrusions.
Lenses can form many sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks - limestones , dolomites , salts, coals , sandstones [4] , sands , clays [5] , quartzites [6] , basalts [7] . Lenses also form ice [8] .
Mineral deposits
Salt deposits in Oknelle Marie are in the form of lenses, 7.5 km long from east to west and 3.5 km from north to south [9] . Oil and gas deposits and technogenic accumulations of oil are often associated with the lenses of sandstones, fractured carbonates, and clays [10] [11] . Fresh sand deposits form in sandy lenses lying in water-resistant rocks [12] . The lenses of water-resistant soils (clays, loams, and permafrost) are associated with the formation of a high water in the aeration zone [13] . Some ore minerals lie on the lenses [14] .
Notes
- ↑ Mountain Encyclopedia. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia. Edited by E. A. Kozlovsky. 1984-1991
- ↑ L. B. Rukhin. The basics of lithology . - Ripol Classic, 2016-12-28. - 787 p. - ISBN 9785458584784 .
- ↑ V.P. Maslov. Stromatolites (their genesis, method of study, relationship with facies and geological significance on the example of the Ordovician of the Siberian platform) . - Alexander Doweld, 1960-10-31. - 233 p.
- ↑ Soviet geology . - GONTI, 1986-01-01. - 804 s.
- ↑ A.V. Sidorenko. Geology of the USSR . - Ripol Classic. - 503 s. - ISBN 9785458519748 .
- ↑ Geology of ore deposits . - 1987-01-01. - 756 s.
- ↑ Geology and geophysics . - Publishing House of the Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR., 1993-01-01. - 474 p.
- ↑ Hilmer Klaus. Damage to underground structures . - LLC "NASTROY", 2009-10-05. - 88 p. - ISBN 9789667732769 .
- ↑ Geologia zăcământului de sare Ocnele Mari
- ↑ MEScheryakova O.Yu. Karst district of the Polaznensky oil field of the Perm Territory // Basic research. - 2013-01-01. - Vol. 6-3 . - ISSN 1812-7339 .
- ↑ Damirjan Library - Geology of oil and gas No. 09_1989 . geolib.narod.ru. Date of treatment December 28, 2016.
- ↑ Institute of Geography (USSR Academy of Sciences), All-Union Research Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology (Soviet Union), S. S. Turkmen. Department of Geology and Mineral Protection. Desert Freshwater Lenses: Research, Resource, and Exploitation Methods . - Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1963-01-01. - 392 p.
- ↑ Nikolai Yakovlevich Denisov. Engineering geology and hydrogeology . - Gos. publishing house of literature on construction and architecture, 1957-01-01. - 380 s.
- ↑ Ivan Pavlovich Bardin. Iron ore deposits of the Altai-Sayan mountain region: book 1 Geology . - 1959-01-01. - 632 s.