Pechuk, Isaac Moiseevich

Born in 1893 .

In 1914 he graduated from the Yekaterinoslav Mining Institute , received the qualification of a mining engineer.

From 1914 to 1923 he worked at a number of mines in the Donbass as a ventilation manager, then as a mine manager.

From 1924 to 1927 he led the scientific part of the Central Rescue Station ( Makeevka ), transformed in 1927 into the research institute of the MakNII .

From 1927 to 1941 he worked in mines, until the outbreak of World War II .

Since 1943 , after the liberation of Donbass from the Nazi occupiers, he participated in the restoration of destroyed mines and the development of the coal industry.

In 1949 he returned to scientific work at the State Makeevka Research Institute for Mining Safety (MakNII) as the head of the laboratory. He worked at the institute until the end of his days.

Tragically died on September 17, 1970 .

He was buried in Makeevka .

The author of the project of the first in the history of the coal industry of the USSR "Rules for the Safety of Mining Works" ( 1927 ).

The study of gas content ^[1] coal seams and gas ^[2] mines
Under the guidance of I.M. Pechuk, a method for forecasting the gas content of mines ( 1953 ) was developed. The methodology was approved by the USSR Ministry of Coal Industry and to this day has been used by design institutes and organizations in the development of ventilation projects for new and reconstructed Russian mines.

For the first time revealed a pattern of decrease in gas content of coal seams (superantracytes) with an increase in the depth of their occurrence. He suggested using the logarithm of electrical resistivity, which has been used to date, as an indicator of coal metamorphism.

Developed the basis of a method for predicting carbon dioxide emissions in mines.

Development of coal mine degassing
For the first time he suggested that the main sources of methane in mines are close coal seams, he suggested capturing (removing) it with degassing wells , taking it to the surface and using it as fuel. The first degassing well was drilled at KSM mine No. 2 in the town of Krasny Luch ( Lugansk Region ) and fully confirmed this assumption. In 1952 , under the leadership of I.M. Pechuk, the first degassing unit was built at the Krasnaya Zvezda mine in Chistyakovo (now Torez, Donetsk region ), which fully confirmed the economic efficiency of the decisions made.

He substantiated the technical and economic feasibility of the widespread development of degassing of the mines of the Donbass and the use of dripped methane as fuel for mine boilers. For the first time such a project was implemented in 1954 at the mine to them. XVII Party Congress in the Shakhtyorsk district of Donetsk region.

The method of designing the degassing of mines and safety measures for the utilization of mine methane are described in the monograph by I. M. Pechuk "Degassing satellites of coal seams by wells" ( 1956 ). Many provisions of this method have been successfully applied so far.

In 1961 , in connection with the construction of a number of mines developing coal seams of Donbass at a shallow depth, he first investigated the problem of the extraction of mine methane on the earth's surface and in its penetration into technical and residential buildings. Developed the world's first Instructions for the protection of premises from the penetration of mine methane. The main findings of the study are presented in the monograph by I. M. Pechuk, “Penetration of gases through fractured rocks into premises and production” ( 1965 ).

Combating sudden coal and gas emissions in mines ^[3]

For the first time, he determined the role of geological disturbances in the formation of outburst hazard zones, improved measures to prevent sudden outbursts due to advanced mining of protective beds, and developed methods to combat sudden outbursts by remote hydraulic fracturing and hydraulic washing of coal seams.

Endogenous Fire Prevention ^[4]

Together with other scientists of the MakNII , he determined the nature of spontaneous combustion of coal, established its relationship with mining and geological conditions, developed methods for safe opening and preparation of coal seams, a development system, the speed of movement of the face, and measures to prevent endogenous fires.

The author of many scientific publications and a number of copyright certificates for inventions.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the Ukrainian SSR for outstanding services in the development of science and safety engineering in the mining industry, I.M. Pechuk was awarded the honorary title of Honored Worker of Science and Technology of the Ukrainian SSR .

Full holder of industry awards "Mining Glory . "

• The Golden Age of McNII: History of Creation, Development and Formation (1907-2007) / Ed. Cand. tech. Sciences O. M. Bryukhanova - Donetsk: TOV "VPP" Promin ", 2007-416 pp., ill. - ISBN 966-96743-4-1 .
• Outstanding mining engineers and experts in the coal industry of Ukraine / N. Surgay, S. Fischenko. - K .: Univ. Pulsary Publishing House, 2003. - 420 p. - ISBN 966-7671-61-5 .
• Pechuk I. M. Depression surveys in mines / I. M. Pechuk, S. A. Batalin. - M .: ed. and 2nd type. Ugletekhizdat, 1949 .-- 40 p. : ill. - (Ministry of Coal Industry of the USSR. All-Union Coal Research Institute. Bureau of Technical Information; Issue 3)
• Pechuk I. M. Establishment of the stages of coal self-heating in the mines of the Prokopyevsky district / I. M. Pechuk, Dr. tech. sciences prof. - M .: ed. and 2nd type. Ugletekhizdat, 1949 .-- 82 p. : ill.
• Pechuk I. M. Endogenous fires in the Donetsk basin / I. M. Pechuk, V. M. Maevskaya. - M .: Ugletekhizdat, 1954.- 276 p., 1 p. heck. : ill.
• Pechuk I. M. Degassing of satellites by wells. - M .: Ugletekhizdat, 1956. - 28 p. : heck.
• Pechuk I. M. The penetration of gases through fractured rocks into the premises and production / Acad. Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. Institute of Mining them. M.M. Fedorova. - K .: Acad. Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, 1962. - 112 p. : heck.

• State Makeevka Research Institute for Safety in Mining (MakNII)