Anosov, Nikolai Pavlovich (engineer)

Born in the family of Pavel Petrovich Anosov - a famous scientist, metallurgist, geologist, organizer of the mining industry. In 1853 he graduated from the Institute of the Corps of Mining Engineers and was assigned to the Nerchinsk factories. In the first months of work, he found large placers of gold along the river bed of Baldzhi .

For more than twenty years of work in eastern Siberia and the Far East in the search and development of gold deposits, he created and applied in practice a special search technique that allows to determine the primary geological prerequisites for the formation of alluvial gold bearing nodes.

Since 1854 N.P. Anosov, being an official on special assignments under the governor-general of Eastern Siberia N.N. Muraveve-Amursky, conducts a geological study of the Amur banks for the possibility of finding gold.

After retiring from public service in 1862, N.P. Anosov became the leader of the search party for gold miner D.E. Benardaki, and in the winter of 1865-1866 he discovered rich placers of gold in the upper reaches of the Olde and Ur rivers. In 1868, he, together with D.E. Benardaki, founded the Upper Amur Company for the development of gold in the upper reaches of the Amur, in 1873 - the Middle Amur Company for the extraction of gold in the upper reaches of the Zeya and Selemdzhi rivers. In 1875, together with I.F. Bazilevsky, he founded the Niman company for the development of gold discovered by his research on the Niman river. At that time, the gold-bearing region discovered by Anosov in the Amur Region gave up to one fifth of all Russian gold, and the gold mining companies created on his initiative were among the largest in Russia.

As a corresponding member of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Geographical Society, N.P. Anosov wrote articles and books.

In the "Mountain Journal":

• “A geognostic description of the banks of the Amur River” (1861, part II, p. 1), this article is also printed in the first volume of the Izvestia of the Siberian Department of Imp. Of the Russian Geographical Society ”, Anosov’s own drawings from nature are attached to the article (published as a separate book in 1871)
• “The Chinese Development of Golden Sands” (1863, part II, p. 353)
• “Sea gold placers” (1864, part II, S. 520)
• “The Khingan Gorge” (1865, part II, p. 60)
• “Amur gold placers” (1866, part IV, p. 161). Published in 1875 "Route Map" by Anosov and his party.

In addition, several of his articles are placed in the Notes of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society of 1864, in the Izvestia of the Geographical Society (Volumes I and II), in the Notes of the Siberian Branch of the Imperial Russian Geographical Society (books 5 and 6), in “Extraits des publications de la Société Geogg. de Russie en 1856 et 1857. "

Among very few mining engineers, N.P. Anosov was awarded the rank of chamber junker for his exceptional merit in discovering loose gold deposits. In 1876 he was awarded the title of Honorary Member of the Orphanage Prince of Oldenburg.

He was awarded the orders of St. Anne of the 2nd and 3rd degree, St. Vladimir of the 4th degree

The name of N.P. Anosov is also marked on the map of the Amur Region:

• Anosov River - the left tributary of the Medvezhye (Great Madalan river basin), Skovorodinsky district.
• Anosovo village - a village in the Shimanovsky district on the left bank of the Ulmin River. It was founded in 1857.
• Anosov Islands - in the channel of the Amur River, Shimanovsky district.
• Anosovsky village (formerly - the Cossack village of Anosovskaya) - a village in the Tynda district.
• Anosovskaya station - on the BAM railway line ( Baikal-Amur Railway ) - Tynda.

• P. Yu. Afanasyev “Amur Gold”, Blagoveshchensk: Zeya, 2006–230 p.
• P. Yu. Afanasyev “People of Gold. From the history of gold mining in the south of the Russian Far East, ”- Blagoveshchensk: Zeya, 2008. - 280 p.