Interpretation ( lat. Interpretatio - explanation, interpretation) - artistic interpretation of a musician-performer (singer, instrumentalist, conductor or chamber ensemble) of a musical work in the process of its performance [1] . In the broad sense of the word, the interpretation of the work is also to a certain extent [1] .
In contrast to spatial arts - painting , sculpture , architecture , - music, existing in the form of musical notation , needs an act of recreation, that is, the mediation of a performer: a musical work acquires its real sound only in the process of performance [2] . Musical notation captures only a combination of high-pitched and rhythmic ratios of sounds; intonation of a musical text, disclosure of the artistic content of a work is the task of the performer [2] .
History
The art of interpretation, which assumes the individual approach of the performer to the composition and the existence of his own creative concept, arose in the middle of the 18th century and developed in the process of separating the performance from composer's creativity - turning it into an independent profession, since the concept of “interpretation” does not mean the interpretation of his own compositions, but works of other authors [1] .
The importance of the musician-performer increased in the 19th century: with the gradual deepening in music of the individual principle, with the complication of its expressive and technical means, the tasks of interpretation gradually became more complicated [1] . Various styles of execution took shape: baroque , rococo , sentimentalism objectively demanded different manners of performance [2] . During the years of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars, the public preferred the intimacy of experiences to the fullness of feelings and vivid expressiveness - an orator; the style of heroic classicism that developed in France at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries developed into a romantic style: for a romantic performer, a foreign composition to a certain extent became a means of self-expression [2] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Yampolsky. Interpretation, 1974 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Yampolsky. Execution, 1974 .
Literature
- Yampolsky I. M. Interpretation // Musical Encyclopedia / ed. Yu. V. Keldysh. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, Soviet Composer, 1974. - T. 2 .
- Yampolsky I. M. Musical performance // Musical Encyclopedia / ed. Yu. V. Keldysh. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, Soviet Composer, 1974. - T. 2 .