A blocked nose is a condition caused by a blockage in the nasal passages. A common cause is the swelling of the membranes lining the nasal cavity due to inflammation of the blood vessels [1] .
| Nasal congestion | |
|---|---|
| ICD-10-KM | |
| ICD-9 | 478.19 |
| Medlineplus | 003049 |
| Mesh | |
May be accompanied by a runny nose. If excess mucus flows down the back of the throat (this is the so-called or postnasal leakage syndrome), a cough or sore throat may appear [1] .
Nasal congestion can be caused by various reasons. The condition can range from mild discomfort to life-threatening. A newborn baby prefers to breathe through his nose [2] . A baby’s nasal congestion in the first few months of life can interfere with breastfeeding and cause life-threatening respiratory distress . In older children and adolescents, it usually simply causes irritation and / or discomfort, but can also lead to other difficulties.
Possible Reasons
- Allergy [3]
- Nasopharyngitis (colds) [3] or flu
- Nasal septum curvature
- Pollinosis [3] - an allergic reaction to pollen of plants, most often cereal grasses
- Drug response (e.g. tamsulosin )
- Drug rhinitis [3] - a state of nasal congestion, which is a reaction to the prolonged use of intranasal anticongestants (for example, nasal sprays containing oxymetazoline , phenylephrine , xylometazoline and naphazoline )
- Sinusitis or sinus infection [3]
- Upside down may cause blood vessel inflammation
- During pregnancy, women may suffer from nasal congestion due to increased blood flow [3]
- Polyp of the nose [3]
- Hyperplasia of the lower or middle nasal concha ( concha bullosa )
- Empty nose syndrome
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease - there are theoretical assumptions that gastroesophageal reflux leads to chronic rhinosinusitis [4]
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Nasal congestion . MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia . ADAM, Inc. Date of treatment December 24, 2015.
- ↑ Bergeson, PS; Shaw, JC Are infants really obligatory nasal breathers? (English) // Clinical pediatrics : journal. - 2001 .-- October ( vol. 40 , no. 10 ). - P. 567-569 . - DOI : 10.1177 / 000992280104001006 . - PMID 11681824 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Nasal congestion at MedlinePlus, a service of the US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Update Date: 8/2/2011. Updated by: Neil K. Kaneshiro. Also reviewed by David Zieve.
- ↑ Pacheco-Galván, A; Hart, SP; Morice, AH Relationship between gastro-oesophageal reflux and airway diseases: the airway reflux paradigm. (English) // Archivos de bronconeumologia: journal. - 2011 .-- April ( vol. 47 , no. 4 ). - P. 195-203 . - DOI : 10.1016 / j.arbres.2011.02.001 . - PMID 21459504 .