James Glaisher ( eng. James Glaisher ; 1809-1903) - English meteorologist and aeronaut .
| James Gleisher | |
|---|---|
| English James glaisher | |
 James Glacier | |
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | meteorology |
| Awards and prizes | member of the Royal Society of London |
Biography
James Glacier was born on April 7, 1809 in the city of London .
For a long time he was an assistant director of the Greenwich Observatory and was in charge of meteorological and magnetic observations [2] .
(September 5, 1862)
He organized a network of observations of the English Meteorological Society (R. Meteor. Soc.), Which were published for a long time under his leadership under the title β Quarterly Report on the Meteorology of England β. He took an active part in the device of a dense meteorological network in England and Wales (more than 2500 stations). Compiled tables (Hygrometrical tables), which are of scientific interest at present [2] .
The main merit of James Glacier - numerous observations on balloons in the processing of their results; contemporaries owed him a considerable amount of knowledge of the time about the upper layers of the atmosphere [3] .
On September 5, 1862, during the next ascent in a balloon, Glacier probably reached an altitude of about 9 thousand meters above sea ββlevel [4] , that is, a height much greater than anyone reached it. He lost consciousness and was rescued by his companion ( eng. Henry Tracey Coxwell ; 1819-1900), during the opening of the valve. When Glacier awoke, the barometer showed slightly below 250 mm, that is, the pressure was less than a third of the mean at sea level, and on the thermometer it was 12.4 degrees [2] .
Later, James Glacier began a detailed study of the temperature and humidity of the air to a height of 1000 feet by means of a tied balloon (see Reports of the British Association, 1869) [2] .
Numerous works of Glacier, besides those mentioned above, were published in the Philosophical Transactions by the Royal Society, Quarterly Journal by R. Meteor. Soc., Philosophical Magazine , Reports of the British Association , etc. [2] .
James Glacier died on February 7, 1903 in Croydon .
The impact crater was named after the scientist on the southwestern boundary of the Sea of ββCrises on the visible side of the moon .
The son of James Glacier - James Whitbread Lee Glacier (1848-1928) - was a famous mathematician and astronomer [5] .
Notes
- β 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- β 1 2 3 4 5 Voeikov A.I. Glasher, James // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 add.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- β See β Reports of British Association β for 1859 to 1866
- β Glasher // Brockhaus and Efron Small Encyclopedic Dictionary : 4 tons. - SPb. , 1907-1909.
- β JJ O'Connor and EF Robertson. James Whitbread Lee Glaisher (HTML). School of Mathematics and University of St. Petersburg Andrews, Scotland. The date of circulation is December 26, 2015. Archived October 29, 2012.
Literature
- Glacier, Tissandier, Flammarion, Fonviell . "Air travel".
- Glaisher, James // Encyclopedia Britannica (English) .