Irrigation of the Kashkadarya region - Kashkadarya , the second largest river in the historical region of Sogdiana , from ancient times created a favorable condition for the formation and development of ancient agricultural cultures of the region. The artificial irrigation of the Karshi oasis begins below from the modern Khanabad village. From here, several large canals are derived on the left and right banks of Kashkadarya . The same canals practically cover all irrigated lands of the Karshi oasis.
“Koson arik” begins from Kurgantepa (medieval Farhurdiz) located on the right bank of Kashkadarya . Until the mid-70s of the 20th century, before the construction of the Karshi Main Canal, this aryk reached Kasan. Currently, some remnants of this aryk are preserved at the beginning of the village of Boyterak.
In written sources XV-XVI centuries. Aryk Amtadi Kalon, flowing north of Nahshab, is mentioned [1] .
Amtadi Kalon - the ancient name "Koson Arika". Amtadi Kalon irrigated the lands of medieval villages near the village of Parguza, then the settlement of Piron (Dagitepa) and Shaikhalitepa. After Shaihalitepa, the aryk flows through the cities of Ragsarsan (Altyntepa), Mudan (Mudintepa) and turn west toward the village of Pudin, where the medieval settlements of Badian and Tadyan existed. Then the aryk flows through the ancient settlement of Shahri Khaybar (medieval Ohuron) and reaches the city of Kasana.
Amtadi Kalon was apparently the main canal because several small aryks were taken out of it, which later remained under the names Sherbek aryk, Bulmas aryk, Pulaty aryk, Aktepa aryk, etc.
Near the Khanabad kishlak, on the left bank of Kashkadarya , another main canal, later called “Beshkent aryk”, begins. Beshkent aryk had five channels and these channels almost cover all the lands around the modern city of Karshi .
In written sources XV-XVI centuries. the aryk of Ruyi Barin is mentioned. There is no doubt that Ruyi Barin is the ancient name "Beshkent aryk." The northernmost channel of Ruyi Barin to this day has been preserved under the name of the Ankhor channel, which flows 600 meters north of the Karshi settlement, through the mahalla of Chakar. The second duct existed under the name Ayryum aryk. Its remains are currently preserved to the south of the building of the Regional Department of Internal Affairs and the Regional Khokimiyat, where fountains are built. According to written sources XV-XVI centuries. the continuation of Ayrum aryk proceeded along the southern outskirts of Kofirtepe, along the Gubdin (Tallissortepa) settlement, Fijakas (Teshiktepa, Kaklaktepa) and Kozhar (Kozhartepa).
Another channel of the Ayrym aryk flowed through the Kat village to the side of the ancient settlement Kal'ayi Zohaki Moron.
In written sources XV-XVI centuries. Aryk Shibliot is mentioned. The name of the aryk is close to the modern name of the Shilvi kishlak. This aryk provided water to the Korakhla, Shilvi, Dasht, Fayziobod villages, etc.
In general, the ancient canals of the Kashkadarya oasis provided and covered all the irrigated lands of ancient Southern Sogd and played a decisive role in the life of the ancestors.
Notes
- ↑ Samarkand documents of the XV — XVI centuries. On the possessions of Khoja Akhrar in the Middle Asia and Afghanistan. Facsimile, critical text, translation, introduction of notes and pointers O. D. Chekhovich. M., "Science" 1974 p. 271