The British Navy , officially Her Majesty's Naval Service is one of the British armed forces responsible for naval operations and the provision of maritime security services in the UK [1] [2] . The British Navy consists of the Navy , the Marine Corps , the auxiliary fleet , reserve of the Navy , Marine Corps Reserve and the Navy Administration [3] . The British Navy is part of the UK Naval Services , which also includes the United Kingdom's Merchant Fleet . The command of the naval services is carried out by the First Sea Lord as chairman of the Naval Committee ; The current commander of the British Navy is Admiral Sir Philip Jones since April 2016 [4] . The Defense Council delegates the leadership of the Navy to the Admiralty Committee of Great Britain led by the UK Secretary of Defense.
| UK Navy | |
|---|---|
 Gyus ships of the British Navy | |
| Years of existence | 1630 — present |
| A country |  Great Britain |
| Subordination | UK Department of Defense |
| Included in | British Armed Forces |
| Type of | type of armed forces |
| Includes |
|
| Function | Naval forces fighting at sea |
| Number | 74 KVMF ships of Great Britain, 33 ships of the Royal Marine Corps, 12 ships of the Auxiliary Fleet, 63 ships of Serco Marine Services |
| Dislocation | Whitehall , London |
| Nickname | Senior Service |
| Equipment | surface and submarine ships, aviation |
| Participation in | see History of the British Navy |
| Commanders | |
| Current commander | First Sea Lord Admiral Sir Philip Jones (since 2016) |
Most of the British Navy is the navy, which has three bases at its disposal: Portsmouth , Clyde and Devonport (the largest naval base in Western Europe). As of 2016, there were 184 different vessels in the ranks of the British Navy, including 75 naval vessels, 33 amphibious assault ships, 63 auxiliary marines and 12 auxiliary naval ships. In March 2019, the personnel totaled 40,600 people (for comparison: in 1990, about 69500 people served in the Navy) [5] . The total displacement of all ships of the British Navy is about 778 thousand metric tons.
Content
Charter Structure
Current
The structure of the Navy is determined by the Royal Military Charter . The British Navy includes: [3]
- The Royal Navy of Great Britain , which also includes the Reserve of the Royal Royal Navy of Great Britain
- The Royal Marine Corps of Great Britain , which also includes the Reserve of the Royal Marine Corps of Great Britain
- UK Naval Mobilization Service supported by Serco Marine Services and the Royal Auxiliary Fleet of Great Britain providing auxiliary vessels. The auxiliary fleet is located in the Ministry of Defense of Great Britain .
Abolished Units
Previously, the Navy included a number of units that now do not exist:
- Women's Navy Support Service (abolished in 1993)
- UK Navy Mine Surveillance Service (transformed into the Royal Naval Support Service in 1962, disbanded in 1994)
- UK Navy Queen Alexandra Nursing Service (abolished in 2000)
The reserve included:
- UK Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve , merged with the Royal Naval Reserve in 1958
- Royal Naval Volunteer (Supplementary) Reserve )
- Royal Naval Volunteer (Wireless) Reserve
- Royal Naval Volunteer (Postal) Reserve
- Royal Naval Emergency Reserve , disbanded in 1959
- Royal Naval Special Reserve , disbanded in 1960
- Women's Naval Volunteer Reserve ( Eng. Women's Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve ), renamed in 1958 the Women's Naval Reserve ( Eng. Women's Royal Naval Reserve ), merged with the Royal Naval Reserve in 1993
- Women's Royal Naval Supplementary Reserve
- Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service Reserve , United Kingdom Navy Nursing Service Reserve , merged with the Royal Naval Reserve in 2000
Previously, the naval forces also included:
- UK Royal Seaside Support Service
- Reserve Fleet
- The Royal Corps of Shipbuilders
Parts of the UK Navy
Navy
The Royal Navy of Great Britain is considered to be the oldest type of the armed forces of Great Britain and is a technologically thought out and highly developed military branch, which is the core of the Navy. Fleet forces are commanded by the Fleet Commander . The fleet has weapons of mass destruction, which carry four Vengard-class SSBNs on board. In addition, the fleet includes destroyers, frigates, landing ships, patrol ships, minesweepers and other vessels that make up the so-called surface fleet . Submarine Fleet It has about 100 years of existence, in its composition until the early 1990s there were diesel-electric and nuclear submarines. After reviewing the document “ Options for Change ”, the last diesel-electric submarines of the “Upholder” type were withdrawn from service, and only the submarines remained in service with the Submarine Service. The fleet also includes the Fleet Air Force - British carrier-based aircraft.
HMS Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier during the exercises in June 2017
HMS Vanguard submarine with ballistic missiles on board
HMS Diamond guided missile cruiser
Royal Marines
The infantry part of the naval forces of Great Britain is the Corps of the Royal Marines. It consists of one maneuverable 3rd commando brigade and a number of separate military units. Marines participate in the conduct of hostilities at sea, in polar and mountain conditions [6] . The Royal Marines also have other army units at their disposal: the 1st battalion of the Strelkov regiment (Beechley, Chepstow barracks), the 29th commando regiment Royal artillery (Plymouth) and the 24th commando regiment Corps of royal engineers [7] . Also, from the Royal Marines, the Navy and the British Army , the personnel of the Commandos Transport Regiment are being recruited [eight]
Landing ship Mk5 LCVP
Small landing craft 2000TDX LCAC
Annual Marine Polar exercises Cold Weather Training
Mobilization Service
UK Naval Mobilization Service responsible for the call to the Navy [9] , which is headed by former members of the Navy and Marine Corps, who occupy administrative posts [10] . The smallest unit of the Navy, the personnel does not exceed 200 people [11] .
Navy Support
Royal Auxiliary Fleet
Royal Auxiliary Fleet of Great Britain reports to the UK Department of Defense and helps naval ships perform operations. The main role is the supply of fuel and supplies by sea, the transportation of army and marine personnel, as well as assistance in exercises. The personnel are civilian employees of the Ministry of Defense of the Fleet, holding the title of British Merchant Fleet and wearing his uniform. They are subject to the naval charter if the ship is involved in operations whose conditions are close to combat or are combat. The commanders of the ships are civilians who are assisted by military personnel of the regular units and reserve of the British Navy (for example, in helicopter control or in providing medical assistance). The Royal Auxiliary Fleet is funded by the Department of Defense. At the head of the auxiliary fleet is a commodore, who personally reports to the Commander of the Navy. The auxiliary fleet is also responsible for the operability of the landing ships of the Bay type , 1850 people are engaged in this.
Landing Ship RFA Mounts Bay
Tanker and refueler RFA Fort Victoria
Floating hospital and pilot training ship RFA Argus
Marine Services
Serco Marine Services - An enterprise that allows the ships of the main and auxiliary fleets of Great Britain to enter and exit ports for servicing and preparing for exercises in the world. The company provides services to a number of ships - tugboats, pilot ships, cargo ships for transporting dry and liquid cargo, as well as passenger transport ships. In 2008, a company under the name Serco Denholm took up these responsibilities after the disbandment of the Royal Seaside Support Services, and was later transformed into Serco Marine Services [12] .
SD Northern River multifunctional ship
SD Bountiful tow type ATD 2909
SD Navigator, repair vessel type 2510
See also
- UK Armed Forces Medical Service
- UK Coast Guard
- UK Border Troops
- Special boat service
- UK Navy Police
Notes
- ↑ NAVAL PERSONNEL HIERARCHY
- ↑ Her Majesty's Naval Service Eligibility and Guidance Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Queen's Regulations for the Royal Navy . Ministry of Defense. Date of treatment April 22, 2017.
- ↑ First Sea Lord | Royal Navy . www.royalnavy.mod.uk . Date of treatment June 29, 2016.
- ↑ Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences Archival copy of September 24, 2015 on the Wayback Machine (Russian)
- ↑ BBC News (2002), UK's mountain warfare elite , news.bbc.co.uk
- ↑ The Commando Role for 1 RIFLER Archived January 14, 2009. , army.mod.uk
- ↑ Commando Logistic Regiment , royalnavy.mod.uk
- ↑ Queen's Regulations for the Royal Navy Chapter One 1-3. Ministry of Defense. Date of treatment February 9, 2018.
- ↑ BR3 Volume One Naval Personnel Management Chapter Three 20–6. Ministry of Defense. Date of treatment February 9, 2018.
- ↑ Royal Navy and Royal Marines Monthly Personnel Situation Report . British Government . Ministry of Defense. Date of treatment February 9, 2018.
- ↑ Bush, Steve. British Warships and Auxiliaries. - Maritime Books, 2014 .-- P. 64. - ISBN 1904459552 .
Literature
- BR 2 - Queen's Regulations for the Royal Navy
- BR1806 - British Maritime Doctrine , Glossary
- United Kingdom Defense Statistics 2005 - glossary