Leucascandra caveolata (lat.) Is a type of sponge- class sponges of the Jenkinidae family of the monotypic genus Leucascandra. Endemic of New Caledonia [1] .
| Leucascandra caveolata | |||||||||||||||||||
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Leucascandra caveolata Borojevic & Klautau, 2000 | |||||||||||||||||||
Description
Red-brown sponges up to 10 cm high. The body consists of a set of branching and interconnecting tubes. The thickest tubes up to 1 cm in diameter. The walls of the tubes consist of three-beam spicules with two slightly curved rays, up to 180 μm in length and one straight about 100 μm. The cavity of the atrium or supported by three- and four-beam spicules. Subatrial spicules are small three-rayed, the size of the rays - 75-80 microns. Atrial spicules with three and four rays. The size of their direct rays is 382 microns, curved - about 264 microns. Leukonoid type aquifer system [1] .
Biochemistry
A new type of 18-membered macrolide , named Leucascandrolide A, with antifungal and cytotoxic action was isolated from the sponge body [2] . These substances proved to be especially effective against the yeast fungus Candida albicans , which causes thrush [3] . The structure of this substance was established in 1996 [2] before the official description of the species in 2000 [1] . After that, an active search began for ways to synthesize this substance in the laboratory [3] [4] [5] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Borojevic R. & Klautau M. Calcareous sponges from New Caledonia (Eng.) // Zoosystema: journal. - 2000. - Vol. 22 , no. 22 - P. 187-201 . - ISSN 1638-9387 .
- ↑ 1 2 D'Ambrosio M., Guerriero A., Pietra F. Debitus C. Leucascandrolide A, a New Type of Macrolide: The First Powerful Bioactive Metabolite of Calcareous Sponges (a New Genus from the Coral Sea) (eng .) // Helvetica Chimica Acta: journal. - 1996. - 7 February ( vol. 79 , no. 1 ). - p . 51-60 . - DOI : 10.1002 / hlca.19960790107 .
- ↑ 1 2 Wang Y., Janjic J., and Kozmin S .A. Synthesis of leucascandrolide A (Eng.) // Pure and Applied Chemistry: journal. - 2005. - Vol. 77 , no. 7 - P. 1161–1169 . - ISSN 1365-3075 . - DOI : 10.1351 / pac200577071161 .
- ↑ Michael T. Crimmins *, Charlotte A. Carroll, and Bryan W. King. Synthesis of C1 – C13 Fragment of Leucascandrolide A // Organic Letters: journal. - 2000. - February 3 ( vol. 2 , No. 5 ). - p . 597-599 . - ISSN 1523-7060 . - DOI : 10.1021 / ol991345t .
- ↑ Wang Y., Janjic J., and Kozmin SA. Synthesis of Leucascandrolide A via Spontaneous Macrolactolization (Eng.) // Journal of the American Chemical Society: journal. - 2002. - 24 October ( vol. 46 , no. 124 ). - P. 13670–13671 . - ISSN 0002-7863 .