Essentuki Museum of History and Local Lore named after V.P. Shpakovsky

Until recently, it was believed that the Essentuki Museum of History and Local Lore, created by V.P. Shpakovsky, is the first city museum. Studies conducted in the museum funds showed that before the Second World War two museums worked in parallel in the city: the Resort Museum and the Museum at the Essentuki Pedagogical School. The spa museum was opened in July 1940. Its founder was teacher and local historian Nikolai Mikhailovich Nikolaev. The museum at the pedagogical school was founded by the director of the educational institution, Vladimir Pavlovich Shpakovsky. Community workers from both museums collaborated with each other. The museum at the pedagogical school was liquidated together with the educational institution, and the Resort Museum was destroyed during the occupation of the city in 1942. N.M. Nikolaev and V.P. Shpakovsky after the Second World War independently tried to resume the activities of museums. However, this was possible only to V.P. Shpakovsky. The museum at the newly opened teacher training school did not last long and died in a water supply accident in the room where it was located. For a long time, exhibits of the future People’s Museum were kept at home by the Shpakovsky family ^[2] .

The museum was founded in 1963. On March 20, 1963, a resolution was issued by the Yessentuki city executive committee on the opening of the museum. May 2, 1963, located in the House of Pioneers, the museum received its first visitors ^[3] . In November 1966, on the second floor of an old mansion at ul. Kislovodskaya d. 5. opened the first permanent exhibition of the museum.

In 1978, received the status of a state and became a branch of the Stavropol State Regional Museum-Reserve .

In 1990, in memory of the founder of the museum was named after V.P. Shpakovsky.

In 1993, the savings bank, located on the ground floor of the building, moved to another building, and the museum occupied the entire building.

Over the years, the museum has changed its status: it was a national, branch of the regional museum, a municipal cultural institution and a cultural institution of the Stavropol Territory.

Important dates in the history of the museum

March 20, 1963 - the decision of the Executive Committee of the Yessentuki City Council of Workers' Deputies "On the creation of a local history museum in the city on a voluntary basis" with the goal of "coordinating and directing the activities of activists of local history and school local history offices" ^[4] . Date of foundation of the museum.

May 2, 1963 - opening of the first museum exposition on the second floor of the Pioneer House ^[5] .

October 1963 - the Museum’s Public Council includes more than 50 people. Academician M.E. Masson donated the paleontological collection to the museum. Geologists of the North Caucasian Geological Administration transferred to the museum funds an extensive geological collection ^[6] .

1963-1964 - field studies of the museum of the mausoleums of the Golden Horde time in the vicinity of Essentuki. Schoolchildren, as well as employees of the Pyatigorsk Museum of Local Lore , took part, advised by archaeologists A. P. Runich, G. A. Pugachenkova and M. E. Masson ^[7] .

November 24, 1964 - the executive committee of the Yessentuki City Council of Workers' Deputies issued decision No. 632 "On the allocation of premises for the national museum" ^[8] .

Summer 1964 - excavation of the Franchikha mound in Essentuki . The finds were transferred to the museum ^[9] .

November 2, 1966 - the official opening of the People's Museum of Essentuki. Opening date of the first museum exposition ^[10] .

1968 - more than 10,000 exhibits were collected in the collections of the People’s Museum ^[11] .

1969 - in the year of celebrating the 100th anniversary of the birth of V.I. Lenin , the museum hosts a series of events. The museum funds are replenished with exhibits related to the life of V. I. Lenin ^[12] .

October 23, 1969 - the Yessentuki People's Museum, by decision of the Yessentuki City Committee of the Union of Cultural Workers, received the title of "Excellent Work" ^[13] .

1970 - a new department, Development of the Essentuki Resort, was created in the main exposition of the People’s Museum. 1950-70 years ” ^[14] .

1973 - the museum has seven permanent departments. The youngest guide of the museum is 50 years old ^[15] . The problem of transferring the museum to the category of state ^{[16] is} posed. The museum welcomed 200,000 visitors.

September 1973 - due to the unsatisfactory condition of the premises, the museum is closed for visiting until the end of the repair work ^[17] .

1976 - the decoration of the main exposition “The Great Patriotic War” was completed ^[18] . The museum widely celebrates the 80th anniversary of the famous Soviet artist and honorary public employee of the museum - Yu. V. Razumovskaya ^[19] .

March 31, 1977 - the decision of the Executive Committee of the Yessentuki City Council of Workers' Deputies No. 228 of 03/31/77, "On the transfer of the local history museum to a branch of the regional State Museum" ^[20] . The museum received state status.

April 1, 1978 - Valentina Aleksandrovna Khorunzhenko took the post of director of the Essentuki branch of the regional museum ^[21] .

1981 - the department "Modern Essentuki" was opened in the main exhibition of the museum ^[22] .

1985 - reconstruction of the museum exposition. The renewed hall “The Great Patriotic War” was opened ^[23] .

1986 - ceremonial receptions to the pioneers of schoolchildren Essentuki became traditional in the museum ^[24] .

February 21, 1986 - two halls were opened in the museum, which presented the history of the formation of the village of Yessentukskaya, a resort, the establishment of Soviet power, the civil war and the first five-year plans in the North Caucasus and resort city ^[25] .

April 30, 1986 - a memorial room dedicated to Professor V. I. Razumovsky was opened ^[26] .

September 4, 1988 - the museum and the entire city community suffered an irreparable loss - the founder of the museum V.P. Shpakovsky died.

February 8, 1990 - by the decision of the Executive Committee of the Essentuki Council of People's Deputies, the museum was named after V. P. Shpakovsky ^[27] .

May 1992 - the museum launched an exhibition dedicated to the revival of the Cossacks ^[28] .

1992 - the branch of the State Bank was transferred to a new building. The premises of the ground floor at ul. Kislovodsk House 5 ^[29] .

March 7, 1996 - the museum opened an exhibition of works by the honored artist of the Russian Federation P. M. Grechishkin ^[30] .

2001 - in a large exhibition hall at the expense of the city administration and private patrons, repairs were made ^[31] .

November 1, 2007 - the opening of the 1st scientific-local history “Zernovsky readings” ^[32] .

November 2009 - II scientific and regional studies “Zernovsky readings” ^[33] .

2011-2012 - repair work to strengthen part of the foundation of the museum building and to replace floor ceilings on the first floor.

November 2012 - III scientific and local history "Zernovsky readings" ^[34] .

Vladimir Pavlovich Shpakovsky was born on July 7, 1903 in Irkutsk . Later, the family moved to Tiflis . In 1920, Shpakovsky joined the Komsomol , and a year later became an operational officer of the Cheka , until 1924 he worked as an operational employee of the OGPU in Armavir . In the early 1930s. worked as a school principal in the Krasnodar Territory , then studied at Rostov State University , where he met his future wife, Anna Methodyevna. After graduating from the university in 1936, the young family moved to Essentuki . He worked in the city pedagogical school, at which a small museum was organized. During the Second World War he was drafted into the ranks of the Soviet Army, participated in the battles for Kiev, near Stalingrad and Kursk, but after a shell-shock in 1944 he was demobilized home. For many years he was the director of the teacher's school in Essentuki, where he again tried to create a museum. After retiring, he devoted all his free time to the creation of the city museum of local lore. September 4, 1988 Vladimir Pavlovich was gone. The Museum of Local History is named after him, Vladimir Pavlovich himself is included in the number of honorary residents of the city of Essentuki ^[3] .

The main exhibition of the museum is located on the second floor of the building in six rooms. The first room contains materials telling about the ancient history of the region. Several topics are presented here: paleontology, geology, the natural diversity of Essentuki and archeology. The second room contains exhibits related to the Cossack history of the city. The most noteworthy items of this room are: cot, weapons, war rewards and items of Cossack life. The third hall "Essentuki resort" includes portraits of famous scientists and doctors who have made a significant contribution to the development of spa business in the city. Several sections in the hall are dedicated to famous residents of Essentuki: writer A. T. Gubin , E. A. Kersnovskaya , artist Yu. V. Razumovskaya. A tiny exposition hall occupies a unique furniture set. It is believed that it was made in the XVIII century by French masters. The museum complex of items, consisting of a bureau, a bookcase, a smoking chair , three chairs and a sofa was transferred after decommissioning at the local sanatorium No. 5. The next hall of the museum is usually called the memorial room of Professor V. I. Razumovsky. On the stands are photographs from the personal archive of a well-known surgeon and teacher, and in the window are personal items from the Razumovsky family. The last exposition hall reveals the topic of participation of essentuans in the Great Patriotic War. The largest exhibit of this hall is the Soviet 45-mm cannon delivered to Yessentuki from the Donguz-Orun pass.

The museum has two exhibition halls on the first and second floors of the building. They hold temporary external exhibitions, events and temporary exhibitions from the museum.

Museum funds formed the entire history of the museum. At present, they include rich documentary and photographic materials on the history of Essentuki and Caucasian Mineral Waters . The numismatic collection of the museum includes awards of famous Essentuchans, coins, banknotes of different years and souvenir badges.

The most valuable exhibits

• Elements of building and facing materials of the mausoleums of the Golden Horde time
• A collection of paintings and graphic works by the artist Yu. V. Razumovskaya
• Furniture set of the 18th century with bone inlay
   

  Furniture set of the XVIII century in the museum
   

  Facing plate of the mausoleum of the XIV century. Presented in the first exhibition hall

Every year, the museum hosts several dozen exhibitions. Solo exhibitions of artists Yu. V. Razumovskaya, N. V. Litosova ^[35] , N. M. Vdovkin ^[36] , A. I. Babich, A. M. Rubts, S. Andriyaki ^[37] were presented at the museum A. S. Lyutova, E. A. Serova, A. Maistrenko ^[38] , E. Fayko, A. Gorbikova ^[39] . Thematic exhibitions: L. V. Malovichko, A. G. Mishkichev, E. N. Eliseeva, puppeteers from Essentuki and other cities of the South of Russia ^{[40] [41]} . On the basis of the museum, educational and reporting exhibitions of students of the Essentuki School of Art, the Renaissance Training Center, and regional exhibitions and contests of technical creativity are held.

• Bulletins of the Yessentuki Folk Museum of Local Lore
• Collections of materials on local lore from the Essentuki branch of the Stavropol Museum of Local Lore named after G.K.
• III Zernov readings - a collection of articles of the III interregional scientific and practical conference in the city of Essentuki. 2012 year
• A.V. Danilov. Stock work experience in the Museum of History and Local Lore. 2012 year
• Antiquities of the Pyatigorsk: a complete catalog of the archaeological collection of the Essentuki Museum of History and Local Lore. 2015 year

• The official site of the museum was opened in February 2011. Prior to this, there was another site on a similar domain name, but it had no relation to the museum.
• Museum on Facebook (launched December 7, 2011)
• Museum in Vkontakte (started on November 20, 2014)
• Museum on Twitter (launched February 2011)
• Museum on Instagram (inaccessible link) (started January 19, 2016)
• TripAdvisor site reviews
• Museum page on the federal portal Culture. RF