Shcherbakov, Alexander Sergeevich

Born in 1901, in a working class family in the city of Ruze, Moscow province.

In 1907, after the death of his father, he moved to Rybinsk with his family. He graduated from the higher elementary school , from the age of 12 he became a student at the printing house, and then an employee on the railway ^[1] .

In 1917 he joined the Red Guard . In 1918, he became a member of the Communist Party and began organizing a local youth organization of the union of working youth ^[1] .

In 1921-1924 he studied at the Communist University. Y. M. Sverdlova .

From November 1930 to April 1932 he studied at the historical-party Institute of the Red Professor .

In the years 1932-1934. Deputy Head of the Organizational and Instructor Department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. From April 1934 to May 1935, deputy head of the department of culture and propaganda of Leninism of the Central Committee of the CPSU (B.) ^[2] .

Since 1934, the Secretary General of the Union of Writers of the USSR under the Chairman of the Union Maxim Gorky , curator of the Union under the auspices of the Central Committee, since 1935, concurrently, head of the Department of Cultural Education of the Central Committee.

In 1936-1937, the 2nd Secretary of Leningrad (under the first - A. A. Zhdanov).

In 1937-1938, the first secretary of the East Siberian (Irkutsk) regional party committees.

In 1938, the 1st Secretary of the Donetsk Regional Party Committee .

He was the head of a number of areas, participated in the repression, led the “ troika ”.

Since 1939, a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) and since March 22, 1939 - the Organizing Bureau of the Central Committee. Since February 1941, a candidate member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU (B.) . Since May 1941, Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Since 1938, he headed the Moscow Party Organization. Since June 24, 1941, in July 1942, the head of the Sovinformburo has also been appointed head of the Main Political Administration of the Red Army .

In 1943-1945 he was also the head of the international information department of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. Colonel General (since September 1943).

He died on the night of May 9-10, 1945 from an extensive heart attack . After cremation, an urn with ashes was placed in the Kremlin wall .

• “In Moscow, he enjoyed great authority. He was respected, even revered, listening to every word. Many later recalled him as a noble man, a spiritual aristocrat, an exceptional person ” ^[3] .
• “Shcherbakova had an incredible authority ... All of October, November 1941, the worst time, there was almost one figure in the city - Alexander Sergeyevich Shcherbakov,” Kozlova recalled ^[3] .
• AM Vasilevsky left such evidence: " Stalin signed the materials agreed upon or endorsed by Alexander Sergeyevich without delay."

• Wife Vera Konstantinovna Shcherbakova nee Pestroukhova (May 6, 1902 - June 9, 1948) communications engineer ^[4] . She and Shcherbakov had three sons:
  • Alexander (1925–2013) - test pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union ;
  • Konstantin (born 1938) - Russian film expert and writer;
  • Ivan (born 1944) - physicist, director of the A. M. Prokhorov Institute of General Physics .

• In May 1945, in accordance with the decision to perpetuate memory, the Rostokinsky district of Moscow was renamed the Shcherbakovsky district, which lasted until April 30, 1958.
• In honor of Shcherbakov in 1946-1957 the city of Rybinsk was called, where he worked for a short time.
• The Moscow metro station " Alekseevskaya " in 1966-1990 was called "Shcherbakovskaya".
• In Moscow, it was also planned to open a monument to Shcherbakov at the Sretensky Gate , but under Khrushchev these plans were canceled, and subsequently, in 1975, a monument to N.K. Krupskaya was erected on this site.
• In honor of Shcherbakov, the Central Park of Culture and Leisure in Donetsk (Ukraine), the Palace of Pioneers ^[5] in Irkutsk , the streets in Kiev , Minsk ^[6] , Zelenograd , Perm , Yekaterinburg , St. Petersburg and Lipetsk , in the city were named Shymkent (South Kazakhstan region), in the hometown of Ruze .
• In 1950, the USSR stamp “5 years since the death of an outstanding figure in the Bolshevik Party and the Soviet state, Shcherbakov Alexander Sergeevich” was issued.
• In honor of Shcherbakov, a memorial plaque was installed in Rybinsk

• Three Orders of Lenin (02/05/1944, 02/06/1944, ...)
• Order of Suvorov 1st degree (02.22.1944)
• Order of Kutuzov 1st degree (07/29/1944)
• Order of the Patriotic War , 1st degree

• Parsenyuk B. Stalinsky governor: O.S. Shcherbakov / B. Parsenyuk // Donechchina. - 2002. - 24 Zhovt.
• Pupyshev N. A. A. S. Shcherbakov / N. Pupyshev // Commissars: Sat. - M.: Mol. Guard, 1988 .-- S. 348-397.
• Pupyshev N.V. In memory and in the heart / N.V. Pupyshev. - M .: Military Publishing House, 1986 .-- 279 p.
• Pupyshev N.V. From the memories of A.S. Shcherbakov / N.V. Pupyshev // Friendship of Peoples. - 1985. - No. 2. - S. 162-174.
• Shcherbakov Alexander Sergeevich // Chagan - Aix-les-Bains. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1978. - S. 535-536. - (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. Ed. A. M. Prokhorov ; 1969-1978, vol. 29).
• Shcherbakov Alexander Sergeevich // Bulletin of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. - 1990. - No. 7. - S. 133-143. [one]
• Shcherbakov Alexander Sergeevich // Rad. bike History of Ukraine. - K., 1972. - T. 4. - S. 538-539.
• Shcherbakov Alexander Sergeevich: [Sov. state and desks figure, 1901-1945: Obituary] // Soc. Donbass. - 1945. - May 12.
• Shcherbakov Oleksandr Sergiyovich // URE. - К., 1964. - T. 16. - S. 405.
• Shcherbakov Alexander Sergeevich // SSE. - К., 1985. - T. 12. - S. 389.
• Yasenov E. Our area began on paper / E. Yasenov // Golden Scythian. - 2002. - No. 1. - S. 67.

• Biographies
• The project of the monument to Shcherbakov by Matvey Manizer .
• Unknown comrade Shcherbakov