Scrubber ( scrubber , scrub - “scrub”, “clean”) is a device used to clean solid or gaseous media from impurities in various chemical-technological processes.
By type of application, two main types of scrubbers are distinguished:
- gas purifiers based on washing gas with a liquid;
- mineral washing machines.
Gas
Appointment - collecting from the taken away gases, from furnaces of dust, sublimates and oxides of selenium, tellurium, lead and other elements. Cleaning gases from impurities using scrubbers refers to wet cleaning methods. This method is based on washing the gas with a liquid (usually water) at the most developed contact surface of the liquid with aerosol particles and possibly more intensively mixing the gas to be cleaned with the liquid. This method allows you to remove particles of dust, smoke, fog and aerosols (usually unwanted or harmful) from almost any size from the gas. [one]
The following types of scrubbers are distinguished:
- towers with a nozzle (nozzle scrubbers) - as a rule, they are ceramic, carbon-graphite, steel, plastic, wooden rings, half rings, chords, as well as other geometric shapes and porous bodies with a small volume and a large specific surface [2] ;
- irrigated cyclones (centrifugal scrubbers);
- foam devices;
- venturi scrubbers .
The main disadvantage of this method of gas purification is the formation of large volumes of sludge . The action of wet gas cleaning devices is based on the capture of dust particles by a liquid, which carries them away from the devices in the form of sludge. The capture process in wet dust collectors is improved due to the condensation effect - the enlargement of dust particles due to condensation of water vapor on them.
Mineral Flushing
In the extractive industry, scrubbers are widely used in the recovery of coking products. In this case, the scrubber is a drum of cylindrical or conical shape ( drum washing machines ), inside which a material requiring cleaning is moved and washed with a spiral or blades. Clay impurities are eroded. The productivity of modern scrubbers is up to 200 tons, the washing time is 2-12 minutes. at a flow rate of 3-6 m³ / t.
The following types of scrubbers are distinguished here:
- direct-flow, in which the material and water are moving in the same direction from loading to unloading;
- counterflow, in which water is introduced from the discharge side and moves towards the material being washed.
In addition to washing, scrubbers can also be used for screening the material, which is realized by attaching a conical perforated part to the drum to separate water and small material.
Notes
- ↑ Wet exhaust gas cleaning . Date of treatment September 21, 2011. Archived March 27, 2012.
- ↑ Scrubber, types, characteristics, operating principle and structure design . Date of treatment December 9, 2018.
Literature
- M.A. Popov. Environmental engineering in the city. - M.: Publishing House of MGUP, 2005 .-- 231 p.
Links
- Wikimedia Commons has Scrubber related media files