Ruggero Grieko ( Italian: Ruggero Grieco , August 19, 1893 , Foggia - July 23, 1955 , Massa Lombard ), Italian politician, leader of the Italian labor movement.
| Ruggiero Grieco | |
|---|---|
| Ruggero grieco | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | August 19, 1893 |
| Place of Birth | Foggia , Puglia , Italy |
| Date of death | July 23, 1955 (61 years old) |
| Place of death | Massa Lombard , Emilia Romagna , Italy |
| Citizenship |  Italy |
| Occupation | statesman and politician of Italy. |
Biography
Grieko became one of the founders of the Communist Party of Italy , at the congress in Livorno he was a member of the faction led by Amadeo Bordigi . He entered the first composition of the Central Committee of the KPI. A few years later he moved away from the position of Bordigi and joined Antonio Gramsci , who set before him the task of organizing the peasant section of the party. Together with Giuseppe Di Vittorio Grieko, he founded the Association for the Protection of the Peasant Poor ( Italian: Associazione di difesa dei contadini verti ).
After the establishment of the fascist regime , from 1926 to 1944 he was in exile . During this period, he used the pseudonym Garlandi .
In 1928, he was sentenced in absentia to 17 years in prison. As Luciano Kanfora showed in his book La storia falsa (“The Forged Story”), Grieko’s choice was connected with the arrest and sentences of Gramsci and Terracini . Researcher Franco Lo Piparo in I due carceri di Gramsci (Two Gramsci Prisons) writes about the famous letter from Grieko to Gramsci, written in 1928 and sent from Moscow, with Soviet stamps and stamps. This letter was the main evidence for condemning Gramsci. Luo Piparo calls this letter "criminal" and sees in it a malicious intent. The discussion continues, whether it was a rash mistake or a deliberate act. Kanfora believes the letter was faked by the police.
Since 1929 - Permanent Representative of the KPI to the Executive Committee of the Comintern . In 1935 he was elected to its members.
Grieko became one of the most influential leaders of the KPI, and from mid-1934 to spring 1938 led it, as Togliatti was busy working in the Comintern and was constantly in Moscow , then he transferred the party leadership back to Togliatti.
During his leadership, the party focused on creating an anti-fascist front, breaking with the theory of social fascism that had prevailed before. He strove for a broad, unified action by anti-fascist forces, which became a prerequisite for national unity, which was then achieved during the period of Resistance . During his leadership, the Communist Party also managed to attract young people who grew up during the years of fascism, for example, with the help of the well-known and controversial manifesto Address to the brothers in black shirts from 1936.
During the Second World War, he worked in Moscow on the radio, led the production of transmissions for Italy .
After returning to Italy in 1944, he headed the agrarian commission of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the propaganda department, dealt with agricultural policy issues and the struggle for agrarian reform. He was the editor of the journal "Agrarian Reform" ("La riforma agraria").
He was elected to the Constituent Assembly in 1946, then was elected senator of the Italian Republic in 1948, and held this post until his death, which occurred during a meeting in Massa Lombard , the day after the founding of the National Union of Peasants .
Bibliography
Ruggiero Grieko. The agrarian question and the struggle for land in Italy, Sat. Art. with ital., M., 1955.
Ruggiero Grieko. From the history of the creation of the Italian Communist Party and its activities in 1921-1929. // Questions of History. 1955. No. 1.