Alexander Vasilyevich Obolensky , (1823-1865) - Russian prince, naval officer. A participant in the circumnavigation of the frigate "Diana" from St. Petersburg to the Far East and the events of 1854-1855 related to the annexation of the Amur Region to Russia. He was a member of the social circle of the Decembrists who lived in a settlement in Irkutsk and its environs.
| Alexander Vasilyevich Obolensky | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | 1823 |
| Date of death | 1865 |
| Citizenship |  Russian empire |
| Occupation | naval sailor, participant in the voyage of the frigate "Diana" to the Far East and the annexation of Amur to Russia |
| Father | Vasily Petrovich Obolensky |
| Mother | Ekaterina Alekseevna ( Musina-Pushkina ) |
A relative of the Decembrist E.P. Obolensky .
Content
Biography
The family belonged to the oldest princely family of Obolensky , known in Russia from the beginning of the 15th century [1] .
Father - Vasily Petrovich Obolensky (1780-1834) - a participant in the Patriotic War of 1812 and foreign campaigns of the Russian army in 1813-1814. Mother - Ekaterina Alekseevna, daughter of Count A.I. Musin-Pushkin , maid of honor of the imperial court. The family had four sons and three daughters [2] .
Son Alexander was born in 1823. He graduated from the Naval Cadet Corps . December 30, 1842 was released from the corps by the midshipman [3] [~ 1] . Defined in the Baltic Fleet.
In 1853, Lieutenant A. V. Obolensky was sent to the newly built frigate "Diana". From October 1853 to July 1854, he participated in a round-the-world voyage from St. Petersburg to the Far East under the command of Captain Lieutenant S. S. Lesovsky , who was ordered to take on board the diplomatic mission of Vice Admiral E. V. Putyatin and go with her to Japan [4] .
By mid-July 1854, "Diana" came to the Gulf of De-Kastri on the west coast of the Tatar Strait .
In connection with the appearance of the Anglo-French fleet off the coast of Kamchatka after the outbreak of the Crimean War of 1853-1856, the security of Russia's Far Eastern borders was threatened. The situation forced the Governor-General of Eastern Siberia N. N. Muravyov to intensify the activities of the Amur expedition .
On June 14, upon arriving at the Mariinsky post on the Amur River , recruited by N. N. Muravyov, the consolidated linear battalion of Lieutenant Colonel M. S. Korsakov , 200 of his personnel under the command of Lieutenant N. A. Glen were sent to Lake Kizi to equip the road to the bay De Castries. Having cut through a large part of the 25-verst clearing, but left without a reserve of supplies designed for only a month, and having been starving for a week and a half, the detachment was discovered and rescued several miles from De Castries Bay by officers - Lieutenant Prince Obolensky and Lieutenant of the Marine Artillery Corps Antipenko - frigate "Diana", who was waiting there for the arrival of the frigate "Pallas" from Japan [5] [6] .
After the arrival of the Pallas in the Tatar Strait , A.V. Obolensky was appointed in August 1854 to escort secretary Vice Admiral E.V. Putyatin, writer I. A. Goncharov, returning to St. Petersburg through Yakutsk from the port of Ayan on the Sea of Okhotsk to Irkutsk .
Part of the Pallada team and officers were transferred to Diana, and with the mission of E. V. Putyatin, a new frigate was sent to Japan. Some of the supernumerary officers and teams, headed by the senior Diana officer I. I. Butakov, were transferred to the Amur expedition to the Amur region, the rest returned via Siberia to St. Petersburg.
Lieutenant A.V. Obolensky was left at the disposal of the Governor General. February 25, 1855 N.N. Muravyov wrote to M.S. for affairs, there will be with me a duty headquarters officer on the marine part of Obolensky and I don’t know who else on the ground ” [7] .
He was not married. The estate he received in the village of Strelkovo in the Podolsky district of the Moscow province after his death in 1865 was entirely transferred to the peasants [~ 2] [2] .
In a circle of exiled Decembrists
In Irkutsk, where the residence of the Governor General was located, A.V. Obolensky met and became close to the exiled Decembrists S.G. Volkonsky , S.P. Trubetskoy , A.V. Podzhio , I.D. Yakushkin and others who lived in the settlement (until the amnesty of 1856) in the city and its environs. Chef A.V. Obolensky - N.N. Muraviev was in their homes and maintained friendly relations with them.
A. V. Obolensky was also accepted into the circle of communication of the Decembrists. Exiled patriots were keenly interested in news and discussed events related to the actions of N. N. Muravyov in the Far East and the war in Crimea. In the fall of 1854, Volkonsky wrote to Pushchin about discussing with the sailors who appeared in Irkutsk the results and new plans of the Amur expedition - “everything that relates to our riverbank — from the mouths of the Amur River to the Imperial Harbor — is so entertaining and comforting for the Russian heart” [8] .
The historian M. Yu. Baranovskaya quoted Y. D. Kazimirsky [~ 3] , who wrote on February 2, 1855 from Irkutsk to Yalutorovsk, I. I. Pushchina [9] :
“Every day we all gather together: tonight is appointed at Trubetskoy. Prince Obolensky and the brigade com (andir) Anichkov [~ 4] and the debate about Crimea get to the point where they get out of this circle more often than others. The most persistent and infatigable ( tireless - fr.) Politicians are: I. D. Yakushkin, Obolensky , Murav (iev) ( Governor General - M. B.), Poggio; to such an extent that I began to beg for forgiveness ... until 2 a.m., they are ready to interpret everything about Crimea alone. ”
The letters of the Decembrists of that period — I. I. Pushchin , I. D. Yakushkin — often mention the name of A. V. Obolensky [10] [11] .
Yakushkin wrote to Pushchin on December 13-14, 1854: “... I often have Prince Obolensky, Alexander Vasilyevich, a sailor, ... very reminiscent of Yevgeny Petrovich ” [~ 5] . After the trip of A.V. Obolensky to Yalutorovsk, where I.I. Pushchin and E.P. Obolensky lived, Yakushkin wrote on January 31, 1855: “ Obolensky delivered to me, good friend Ivan Ivanovich, your letter ” [~ 6] .
Contacts A. V. Obolensky with the Decembrists continued until their departure from Siberia after the declared amnesty [~ 7] .
Memory
In 1891, the names of Captain-Lieutenant Prince A.V. Obolensky and other active participants in the annexation of Amur Region to Russia were immortalized on a bronze plaque mounted on the pedestal of the monument to the Governor-General of Eastern Siberia Nikolai Nikolayevich Muravyov-Amursky in Khabarovsk .
Colonel M.S. Korsakov, Captain 2nd rank M.S. Kazakevich, Col. Aces. N. D. Sverbeev,
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About the naval officer Prince A. V. Obolensky wrote:
- I. A. Goncharov (“Frigate Pallada”)
- N. N. Zadornov (“War for the Ocean”).
Literature
Notes
- ↑ Obolensky
- ↑ 1 2 E.F. Sunn. Princes Obolensky in Podolsk and the county .
- ↑ List of pupils of the Naval Cadet Corps, promoted to officers for 100 years - // Veselago F. Essay on the History of the Naval Cadet Corps - S.Pb .: 1852, 144 pp., - p. 105
- ↑ Overview of the overseas voyages of the ships of the Russian Navy from 1850 to 1868. T. 1 - S.-Pb .: Printing house of the Ministry of the Sea, 1871, 701 p.
- ↑ Avilov R.S. The role of regular troops in the development of the territory of the Amur Region and Primorye (1850s-1884) .
- ↑ Glen N. A. The First Amur Campaign of N. N. Muravyov - // Historical Bulletin, 1889, vol. 36, No. 6, ss. 642-652 unopened .
- ↑ Defense of the Far East .
- ↑ Excerpts from articles and essays on the theme “Decembrists and Kamchatka” .
- ↑ Baranovskaya M. Yu. Decembrist Nikolai Bestuzhev - Moscow: Goskultprosvetizdat, 1954, 295 p.
- ↑ Pushchin I. “Notes on Pushkin. Letters ”- M .: State. publishing house of fiction, 1956, 496 p.
- ↑ Notes, articles, letters of the Decembrist I. D. Yakushkin - S.-Pb .: Nauka, 2007, 740 p. ISBN 5-02-026437-7
- Comments
- ↑ He studied and graduated from the Naval Cadet Corps simultaneously with A.F. Mozhaisky .
- ↑ Many Obolenskys were supporters of the abolition of serfdom and the transfer of land into the ownership of peasants. Among them are not only the Decembrist E.P. Obolensky, but also prominent officials, siblings of Alexander Vasilyevich - the civil governor of Moscow Alexei Vasilyevich and lawyer Andrei Vasilyevich.
- ↑ Kazimirsky Yakov Dmitrievich - a gendarme general who was in 1838 a parade ground major at the Petrovsky Zavod prison and made friends with exiled Decembrists.
- ↑ Anichkov Vladimir Ivanovich - major general, brigade commander of the Irkutsk and Yenisei Cossack regiments.
- ↑ The ancestor of Alexander Vasilyevich and Evgeny Petrovich - Matvey Venediktovich Obolensky (died in 1688) since 1683 was a steward , and from 1683 - a roundabout .
- ↑ Decembrists, due to the established restrictions in correspondence, used every opportunity to transmit personal letters with proxies. A. V. Obolensky on the move, on official need, complied with their requests.
- ↑ I.I. Pushchin wrote about the arrival of A.V. Obolensky in Yalutorovsk on February 6 - 7, 1856.