Antoine de Bourbon ( fr. Antoine de Bourbon, duc de Vendôme ; April 22, 1518 - November 17, 1562 ) - Duke de Vendome, head of the house of the Bourbons ( 1537 - 1562 ), king of Navarre ( 1555 - 1562 ), father of the first French king of the house Bourbon Henry IV of Navarre .
| Antoine de Bourbon | |||||||
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 Antoine de Bourbon. Portrait of Francois Clouet , 1560 | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Henry II d'Albre | ||||||
| Successor | Henry III of Navarre | ||||||
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| Predecessor | Charles IV de Bourbon | ||||||
| Successor | Henry IV of Navarre | ||||||
| Birth | April 22, 1518 La Fère , Picardy , France | ||||||
| Death | November 17, 1562 (44 years) near Andely , Ayr , France | ||||||
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| Rod | Bourbons | ||||||
| Father | Charles IV de Bourbon | ||||||
| Mother | Francoise Alencona | ||||||
| Spouse | Jeanne d'Albre | ||||||
| Children | sons: Henry, Henry III of Navarre , Louis daughters: Madeleine, Catherine de Bourbon from Louise de la Berdeziere son: Charles III de Bourbon (Archbishop of Rouen) | ||||||
Content
Biography
Antoine de Bourbon was born in La Feret , Picardy , France , and was the son of Charles IV de Bourbon , Duke of Vendome ( June 2, 1489 - March 25, 1537 ) and his wife Francoise Alencon ( 1490 - September 14, 1550 ) [1] . He was the elder brother of the Duke of Enghien and Louis de Bourbon, Prince of Conde .
On 20 October 1548, in Moulin, Antoine married Jeanne d'Albret , daughter of Heinrich d'Albret , king of Navarre , and his wife Margarita Angouleme [2] . Thanks to this marriage, after the death of the father-in-law in 1555, he became Count of Foix , Bigorr , Armagnac , Perigord , Viscount Bearn and King of Navarre. Navarre was occupied by Spain in 1512 , and Antoine tried to regain it.
The duke never had real religious convictions and rather easily changed his confessional affiliation depending on the situation [3] . In the period of peace, he returned to Catholicism , which alienated him from his wife [4] . He had a connection with Louise de La Beroder, “the beauty of Rouet”, who in 1555 bore him a son ( Charles III de Bourbon ( 1554 - 1610 ), Archbishop of Rouen). Antoine was a windy and unreliable man. He often disappointed his followers, flirting with his opponents.
Although his brother was the head of the Protestant faction, Antoine had no desire to spend most of his life fighting the king of France. When Catherine de Medici , a regent with her young son Charles IX of France , offered him the position of lieutenant general of the kingdom in 1561 , the duke agreed [5] . When his wife allowed the Huguenots to crush the Vandom chapel and the church in the city in 1562 , he threatened to send her to a convent [6] . As a result, she had to seek refuge in Bearn .
In the same year, he besieged and took Rouen captured by the Huguenots, where he was mortally wounded on November 13, 1562 [2] . He died not far from Andelya ( Ayr ).
Family and children
Children from Jeanne d'Albre :
- Heinrich (1551–1553), Duke of Beaumont
- Henri de Bourbon (1553–1610), subsequently King of Navarre (1572–1610) under the name of Henry III, then King of France (1589–1610) under the name of Henry IV
- Louis (1555–1557), Count Marl
- Madeleine (1556)
- Catherine de Bourbon (1559-1604), Duchess d'Albre, Countess d'Armagnac and de Rodez; Married to Henry II the Good , Duke of Lorraine.
Children by Louise de la Berdeziere :
- Charles (1554-1610), Archbishop of Rouen
Ancestors
Movie Aviation
- Ben Aldridge in the kingdom television series, USA, 2013-2016
Notes
- ↑ Trevor Dupuy, Curt Johnson and David L. Bongard, The Harper Encyclopedia of Military Biography , (Castle Books: Edison, 1992), 98.
- ↑ 1 2 Dupuy, Trevor, 98.
- Ack Mack P. Holt, The French Wars of Religion, 1562–1629 , (Cambridge University Press: New York, 2005), 52.
- ↑ Robin, Larsen and Levin. p. 3
- Ur Duruy, Victor, John Franklin Jameson and Mabell Shippie Clarke Smith, A History of France , (Thomas Y. Crowell Co.:New York, 1920), 338.
- ↑ Bryson, David, 299.
Literature
- Semenov I.S. Christian dynasties of Europe. Dynasties that retain the status of sovereign. Genealogical handbook / Scientific editor E. I. Kuksina. Foreword O. N. Naumov. - M .: OLMA-PRESS, 2002. - 494 p. - 3 000 copies - ISBN 5-224-02516-8
- Ustinov V. G. The Hundred Years War and the Wars of the Roses. - M .: AST: Astrel, the Guardian, 2007. - 637 p. - (Historical library). - 1500 copies - ISBN 978-5-17-042765-9
See also
- List of Kings of France