The dinar race is a minor race (anthropological type) of the Caucasians . Received the name in honor of the Dinar Alps . The term was introduced at the beginning of the 20th century. French anthropologist I. Deniker , who also used the name "Adriatic race". In the first half of the XX century. stood out by many anthropologists. In population classifications, the name of a group of populations is not used, but the Dinar type can be considered as part of the Balkan-Caucasian race [1] .
Content
Characteristics
I. Deniker identified the following signs of the dinar race [2] :
- tall;
- brachycephaly ;
- dark blond hair ;
- straight, thin or aquiline nose ;
- matte white skin ;
- oblong face .
Later, other researchers pointed to such typical characteristics as a slim body build , strong hair growth on the body and face, flat nape [3] [4] [5] .
In the works of modern domestic anthropologists, the dinar complex refers to a combination of signs characteristic primarily of the mountain population of Yugoslavia, mainly of the Montenegrins — increased massiveness of the skull and body build, large facial features, a very wide face and head [6] [7] [8] . This set of features separately from the dinar race was distinguished by the American anthropologist Carlton Kuhn under the name of the Balkan Borreby [9] .
Spread
The most characteristic of the inhabitants of the Balkans [10] , is also found among Germans , Ukrainians , Russians and other peoples of Central, Eastern, Southeastern Europe, as well as in the Caucasus and in Asia Minor.
Subadriatic (Nori) type
The type identified by some anthropologists, called sub-Adriatic (I. Deniker) or Nori or Noric (given by German anthropologist W. Lebzelter), is close to the dinar type from the Roman province of Norik .
I. Deniker described this type as subbrachycephalic, less often brachycephalic, with brown hair , average height about 166 cm and head index 82-84. It is distributed in Champagne , Franche-Comte , Luxembourg , in the Netherlands province of Zeeland , in the Rhine provinces, in the north of the Grand Duchy of Baden , in eastern Bavaria and in southeastern Bohemia ; is found among Slovenes , and in one part of Lombardy and the Venetian region [11] .
K. Kuhn described the Noric type as a bright brachycephalus with a flat nape , often found in southern Germany and elsewhere in central Europe. He considered this type to be a Nordic type, a brachycephalized dinar or alpine admixture [12] .
This type was also distinguished by the Soviet anthropologists G. F. Debets (1958) and V. V. Bunak as part of the Central European race, separate from the dinar type [13] [14] .
The Italian anthropologist R. Biasutti in his monumental work “Races and Peoples of the Earth” ( Italian. Le razze ei popoli della terra , first edition - 1939 , second - 1953 - 1960 ) identified the Europid race in a large Caucasoid race. it is an Adriatic race with two subraces: Padan and Norik [15] .
Notes
- ↑ Dinar type // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 t.] / Ch. ed. A. M. Prokhorov . - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978.
- ↑ Joseph Deniker. The Races of Man: an outline of anthropology and ethnography . - 1900. - p. 285. (eng.)
- ↑ Carleton S. Coon. The Races of Europe . - 1939. - p. 283. (eng.)
- ↑ Hans FK Gunther. Physical signs of the dinar race // Selected works on racology. - M .: White Alvy, 2002. - p. 138-142.
- ↑ Bertil Lundman Systematic Appendix: The Races of Europe Archival copy of June 29, 2008 on the Wayback Machine (eng.)
- ↑ V.P. Alekseev. Geography of human races // Favorites in 5 tons. T. 2. Anthropogeografiya. - M .: "Science", 2007. - p. 183-184. - ISBN 978-5-02-035544-6 .
- ↑ Bogatenkov D.V., Drobyshevsky S.V. Glossary of terms Archival copy of October 12, 2010 on the Wayback Machine // Anthropology Archival copy of February 28, 2009 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ T. I. Alekseeva Ethnogenesis and the ethnic history of the Eastern Slavs according to anthropology Archival copy dated January 22, 2010 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Carleton S. Coon. The Races of Europe . - 1939. - p. 283. Archival copy dated October 1, 2010 on the Wayback Machine (eng.)
- ↑ Glossary Archived April 22, 2015.
- ↑ Ivanovsky A. A. European Races // Russian Anthropological Journal. - 1905. - № 3-4 .
- ↑ Carleton S. Coon. The Races of Europe (1939) (Eng.)
- ↑ System G.F. Debets (1958) // Bogatenkov D.V., Drobyshevsky S.V. Anthropology.
- ↑ V.V. Bunak. Anthropological zones // Anthropology of Western Europe in modern foreign literature.
- ↑ Classification of races by Biasutti (1953) (Not available link) . Circulation date January 24, 2010. Archived May 1, 2010.