Buben is a percussion musical instrument of indefinite pitch , consisting of a leather membrane stretched over a wooden rim. Metallic bells are suspended to some varieties of tambourines, which begin to ring when the performer hits the tambourine's membrane, rubs it or shakes the entire instrument.
| Tambourine | |
|---|---|
| Classification | • percussion musical instruments |
| Related tools | drum , drum , bell , gusachok , tulumbas |
 | |
| Modern tambourine | |
Half moon tambourine rhythms | |
| Replay Assistance | |
Used in South European music since the days of the Crusades and in Western symphonic and brass music from the 19th century , the tambourine was modeled on the ancient percussion instrument common in the Middle East and in Greco-Roman antiquity (see timpanzee ). A similar design of a tambourine, which beat the beater, serves as a magical tool of the Siberian and Indian shamans .
Varieties
Currently, there are two main types of tambourines. :
- Folk or ethnic , wooden rim with a stretched leather membrane. Depending on the purpose, tambourines are of various sizes. Tools of this type are used for various ritual purposes, including shamans. In their design may be small bells tied to a wire stretched under a membrane.
- Orchestra tambourine , the most common version, with a leather or plastic membrane and metal plates, reinforced in special slots on the rim. The instrument was firmly established in professional music, becoming one of the main percussion instruments of the symphony orchestra.
Diamonds of various cultures
- Daph (gaval) is an instrument known in eastern countries.
- Dap - Uighur musical instrument (made from animal skin.)
- Rick ( Arabic رق ) is an instrument of Arabic music.
- Pandeiro - South America, Portugal.
- Tungur ( dungur ) - ( alt. - t ӱ ҥ ӱr ) Turkic tambourine. Used by the shamans of Altai , Yakutia and other Turkic peoples of Central Asia, one of the most important attributes of the rites [1] .
- Tynkyr - Chuvash tambourine.
- Kandzhira - tambourine in Indian music [2] .
- Dangyra - Kazakhs tambourine.
- Bowran - in Ireland
- Top - the ancient percussion instrument of the Jews, used by women [3]
- Doira - in Tajikistan , Dayra - in the Balkans
- Zenbaz - Central Asian percussion instrument [4]
Tambourine and Tambourine
According to the music dictionary [5] :
Tambourine
1. In Germany, the Basque drum (hand drum with bells, pandero [see], tambourine), used in Spain and southern Italy (also in the East) with tarantella and other dances (in the hands of the dancer himself); by tm they also mean the old Provencal dance in a two-beat tact size and moderate movement accompanied by a Basque drum.
2. In France, on the contrary, by the word tambourin they mean the same kind of long narrow drum used in Provence, played with the galoubet (flageolet genus), the same player. T. also serves as the name of a dance play, the character of which is borrowed from the combination of instruments just mentioned (cf. Rameau, suite in E), with an even time signature and with a fixed bass, something like the music of bear leaders.
Tambourine - is a hoop several inches wide with calf or donkey skin stretched over it. Thin ringing metal plates are strung into the holes cut along the circumference of the hoop, while bells are attached at the edges of the hoop, that is, metal balls with shotguns. To extract the sound is carried out on the skin with a finger or hit it with a hand. B. is used as an accompanying instrument in the transfer of folk or military songs, as well as in an orchestra when performing characteristic dances.
The School ... Kupinsky [6] gives the following:
A tambourine and a tambourine are a low wooden hoop covered with leather on one side. <...> The difference in the device of a tambourine and a tambourine lies in the fact that in a tambourine, two or three wires are stretched crosswise across the hoop, completely humiliated with small bells and trinkets, startling at the slightest touch to the instrument and producing a characteristic ringing. There are no such delays in the tambourine, but several elongated cuts are made in the wall of the hoop, in which they are planted in a pair of small plates mounted on fixed pins.
Thus, tambourine is the original name of the French (Provençal) drum. Since in Italian the tambourine and tambourine are called the same tamburino , terminology has been distorted, and the modern tambourine and tambourine are the same in practice. In the terminology of the characteristic dance use exclusively the term tambourine .
In popular culture
Tambourine is widely used in popular music, including rock (examples: Deep Purple , Black Sabbath ).
The traditional tambourine is included in the toolkit of groups of ethno-rock and other directions of ethno-fusion (examples: H-Ural , " Bugotak (group) ").
In Internet culture
The image of a system administrator is widely spread in Internet culture , using a tambourine to solve problems that cannot be explained logically in setting up software and hardware . [7] [8] [9] [10]
See also
- Drum
- Drum
- Bell
- Gusachok
- Tulumbas
Notes
- ↑ Eroshkin D.V. Shamanism of Southern Siberia (inaccessible link) (inaccessible link from 10-05-2013 [2277 days])
- ↑ D. Kurtney - Instruments Used in South Indian Music
- ↑ Top (music) // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Zenbaz // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ G. Riemann. Music Dictionary [Trans. with him. B.P. Jurgenson, ext. rus separate] - M .: DirectMedia Publishing, 2008. - CD-ROM
- ↑ K. Kupinsky. School playing drums. - Moscow: Moscow Printing House №6, 1981. - 206 p. - ISBN 5-7140-0918-5 .
- ↑ Admin tambourine do it yourself
- ↑ Video Archive dated May 10, 2010 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Drawings on the admin tambourines
- ↑ Instructions for use (Inaccessible link) . The date of circulation is January 3, 2009. Archived on June 13, 2008.
Literature
- Solovyov N. F. Bubny, musical instrument // Encyclopedic dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 tons (82 tons and 4 extras). - SPb. , 1890-1907.