Fedor Danilovich Kushnerik ( September 7 [19], 1875 - July 23, 1941 ) - Kobzar. At seven, he went blind. He independently learned to play the violin, harmonium , with which he went to weddings and fairs, earning a living. In 1909 he met with Mikhail Kravchenko, who took him as a student.
| Fedor Kushnerik Fedor Danilovich Kushnerik | |
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| Date of Birth | |
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| A country |  Russian empire  the USSR |
| Professions | kobzar |
| Instruments | bandura |
Biography
| I was born in a happy place - in a buckwheat field. Mother stung buckwheat, at work and gave birth. She put it in a cloth skirt, and while she carried it to the house, she washed my shoulders. Father and mother worked for twenty years with a pan, mowing arable land or hay — he was four, and he got his own tithe. There was no land. Only there was a small hut and a hut, that’s the whole household. There was as much garden as going around the house. By the age of six, I saw well. Then my eyes hurt. My grandmother led me to the priest. He dripped pop into my eyes with something, while I was brought home, I was completely blind ...Fedor Kushnerik |
From an early age, Fedor showed a craving for science. Although he was blind, he went to school, received knowledge by ear. Parents noticed his desire to learn music, so put off 50 cents and bought a guy a violin. And when Fyodor was taken to the Great Sorochintsy to a fair, the famous kobzar Mikhail Kravchenko noticed the guy there and presented him his kobza, which Kushnerik played all his life, went with her almost fifty thousand miles. His kobza sounded at weddings, on the streets of Kremenchug , Khorol , Poltava , Mirgorod , Luben , Kiev , Romain , Piryatin . He sang the thoughts “On the Three Athletes of the Azov”, “About Samil Koshka”, “About Alyosha Popovich”, songs on verses by Taras Shevchenko and Stepan Rudansky , he composed the thoughts.
Once Kushnerik at the bazaar in Lubny performed satirical songs that the gendarmes did not like very much. They dispersed the listeners, and led the kobzar to the station. The guide ran away with a fright, so the officer had to lead. On the way, Fyodor made up words and began to sing: “Oh my God, my God, what world has come now, that the Luben official has become a guide for the blind man.”
Kouchnerick learned to read Braille when he was 37 years old. He composed songs and thoughts about the hard life of peasants. In Soviet times, he created the thoughts “Autumn Sun Rises”, “On Tractors”, “Snow has melted, the water of glass”, “Song about the pioneer Pavlik” - a poetic story about the murder in the Great Sorochintsy of the pioneer Pavlik Tesli.
In 1939, Fyodor Kushnerik was invited to the capital to the republican conference of kobzars and lyre writers , where they were admitted to the Writers' Union of Ukraine . At the end of next year, the 65th anniversary of his birth and the 30th anniversary of his Kobzar activity were widely celebrated. Representatives of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine , the Writers' Union, and public organizations came to Great Bogachka for the festivities. Speaking at the meeting, Pavel Tychina emphasized: "... in the Soviet choir of folk singers, the voice of the old Ukrainian kobzar is heard."
However, after a few years - in July 1941, the heart of Fyodor Kushnerik stopped beating. In his homeland, in the Great Bagachka , Kobzar holiday in honor of Kushnerik is now annually held.
The bandura of Fyodor Kushnerik is in the theater arts museum in the Kiev Pechersk Lavra . Bandura (1920-1930s), played by F. Kushnerik, was created by the master F. Ubiyvovk; had 3 basses, 14 trunks, an oval body, wooden stakes; length 95. No. 2783. Some sources indicate that the instrument is a kobza.
Literature
- Fedir Lavrov. Kobzarі. - K .: Mystetsvo. - 254 p.
Links
- Biography on the site Ukrainian in St. Petersburg