Sergey Aleksandrovich Zybin ( October 9 (21), 1862 - June 30, 1942 ) - head of the Samara Pipe Plant [2] . The organizer of the defense industry [3] at the leading weapons factories of the Russian Empire - the Imperial Tula Arms Plant and the Izhevsk Arms and Steel Plant . The historian, author of fundamental historical work - “The History of the Tula Emperor Peter the Great Arms Factory” [4] . Major General (Russian Empire).
| Sergey Alexandrovich Zybin | |||||
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| Date of Birth | October 9 (21), 1862 | ||||
| Place of Birth | |||||
| Date of death | June 30, 1942 (aged 79) | ||||
| Place of death | |||||
| Affiliation |  Russian empire the USSR | ||||
| Type of army | artillery | ||||
| Years of service | 1882-1918 | ||||
| Rank |  major general | ||||
| Commanded | Samara Tube Plant | ||||
| Awards and prizes |
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| Communications | grandfather of Prince George Sergeevich Khovansky on the maternal side [1] , great-grandfather of the famous mathematician A. G. Khovansky | ||||
Content
Biography
Sergei Zybin was born into a large family of a small nobleman , retired lieutenant Alexander Nikolayevich Zybin [5] [6] . After the death of his father in 1870 he entered the 2nd Moscow Cadet Corps , which he graduated in 1882 [7] . In the same year he entered the Mikhailovsky Artillery School . In 1885, after graduating from college, he was sent to the 28th artillery brigade for further service. He held an administrative position in the 6th artillery brigade. In 1888, S. A. Zybin successfully passed exams at the Mikhailovsky Artillery Academy . After completing the full course of the academy in the first category, with the rank of staff captain, he was sent to the Sestroretsk arms factory as an assistant to the head of the workshop in 1891. In 1893 he was transferred to the famous Imperial Tula Arms Plant (ITOZ) to the post of head of the lock workshop. Zybin worked at this defense enterprise for the next 20 years.
Activities of the ITOZ in 1891-1893 First of all, it was aimed at the mass production of the Mosin rifle for the early re-equipment of the Russian army with it. During these years, a number of outstanding gunsmiths worked at the plant, each of which made a huge contribution to the creation of new weapons: Sergey Ivanovich Mosin , Pavel Petrovich Tretyakov , Nikolai Grigorievich Dmitriev-Baytsurov and others. In close contact with them, S. A. Zybin gained considerable experience and knowledge, gained great skills in the methods of organizing modern production and in the style of his leadership. At the end of 1901 he was appointed head of the ITOZ "repair and repair of a hunting rifle workshop". At the same time, the question arose of organizing on ITOZ a machine-made method for producing hunting weapons, since basically all the work on the manufacture of gift weapons with artistic decoration, ceremonial and award weapons, and hunting rifles was carried out manually [8] . S. A. Zybin was sent on a business trip abroad to familiarize himself with the production of weapons in Belgium, England, Austria-Hungary, France and Germany. Upon his return to Tula, he presented a detailed report with a detailed analysis of the state of arms business in these countries, made his proposals on the organization of domestic machine-made production of hunting weapons. Soon, such production at ITOZ was established. During this period, Zybin also proved himself as a writer. On a trip to Belgium, he wrote a comparative essay "Liege and Tula" [9] .
In 1910, S. I. Zybin was appointed headquarters officer for the technical part, and two years later he served as "senior technician for managing production facilities" [10] .
It should also be noted the social activities of S. A. Zybin. He achieved the opening of an elementary and craft school at the arms factory for artisans and workers. He organized an evening school and a library for workers. He organized a sewing workshop, where they found the work of the widows of gunsmiths and orphans of the weapons class. Opened an almshouse for the elderly factory workers. He created a theater team in which the actors were ordinary factory workers [11] .
S. A. Zybin held a number of public posts in the city of Tula: full member of the provincial statistical committee, member of the city committee of the Guardianship of People's Sobriety, member of the board of the Guardianship of Hard Work House branch, member of the board of the branch of the Imperial Russian Technical Society, member of the Society's Assistance and Development Committee handicraft industry in the Tula province [to 1] .
On the occasion of the 200th anniversary of the Tula Arms Factory Guard, Colonel S. A. Zybin wrote the monograph History of the Tula Emperor Peter the Great Arms Plant [12] . This essay radically developed and supplemented the earlier work of I. Kh. Gamel , also dedicated to the history of the TOZ - “Description of the Tula Arms Plant in Historical and Technical Relation” [13] .
In 1913, S. A. Zybin was appointed assistant to the chief of the Izhevsk arms and steel plant . The next year, he already became chairman of the construction committee of the Penza Tube Plant , and from August 1915 to 1918. was the head of the Samara Pipe Plant . S. A. Zybin accepted the October Revolution of 1917 , joined the VKP (b) and continued to work as a military specialist at the Samara Pipe Plant, and then after dismissal from this position, at the Supreme Economic Council in Moscow. In 1918 he headed the conciliation commission at the Tula arms factory. This commission resolved a labor dispute between the former head of the TOZ, Major General P.P. Tretyakov, and the newly created Management Board of the first arms factory . After the death of his wife in early 1924, S. A. Zybin left the capital and moved to Samara to his daughter. There, he worked for some time as a teacher of mathematics at school, and then was appointed acting professor of higher mathematics and theoretical mechanics at the Samara Agricultural Institute [14] .
In 1930, Zybin was arrested, charged under Article 58-11 of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR and sentenced to three years of exile in Solvychegodsk and Arkhangelsk by the Special Conference of the OGPU Board . It was rehabilitated only on September 30, 1957 by the Kuibyshev Regional Court [15] [16] . After the exile, he lived in Kazan.
The Zybins had five children: three sons and two daughters. Sergei Alexandrovich Zybin died on June 30, 1942. He was buried at the Arskoye cemetery in Kazan.
Rewards
- Early assignment of the rank of captain, 1895
- The highest favor, 1898
- Order of St. Stanislav 3rd century, 1898
- Order of St. Stanislav , 2nd century, 1906
- Order of St. Anne , 2nd century, 1910
- Order of the Holy Equal -to-the- Apostles Prince Vladimir , 3rd century, 1913
- Medal “In memory of the reign of Emperor Alexander III”
- Breastplate "In memory of the 200th anniversary of the founding of the Imperial Tula Arms Plant by Emperor Peter the Great" [17] [18] [19]
- Breastplate "In memory of the 50-year-old state of Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich in the post of General-Feldzeichmeister" [20]
Rank Production
- He entered the service with the lower rank on August 31, 1882.
- Second lieutenant army from August 7, 1885 with seniority from August 12, 1883
- Lieutenant, 1887
- Headquarters Captain, 1891
- Captain, 1895
- Headquarters Captain of the Guards Light Artillery, 1896
- Captain of the Guards Light Artillery, 1898
- Colonel of the Guards Light Artillery, 1902
- Major General, 1913
Proceedings
- History of the Tula Emperor Peter the Great Arms Factory [12]
- A Brief History of the Tula Emperor Peter the Great Arms Factory [21]
- Liege and Tula. Comparative essay
- The play "The Worker Tsar" [22]
Notes
- ↑ Data on the social activities of S. A. Zybin are presented in the “Memorial Books of the Tula Province” for 1893-1913.
- Sources
- ↑ Khovansky: tree of the genus (fragment)
- ↑ TsGASO. Samara Pipe Plant (1911-1918)
- ↑ Tulka
- ↑ Book of S. A. Zybin “History of the Tula Emperor Peter the Great Arms Factory”
- ↑ Zybin Alexander Nikolaevich. Genealogy
- ↑ Sergey Alexandrovich Zybin. Genealogy
- ↑ Graduation of the 2nd Moscow Cadet Corps 1882
- ↑ Tula Triggers Archived February 28, 2014 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ S. A. Zybin. Liege and Tula
- ↑ G. M. Chudnov. Engineer, historian, playwright Sergei Alexandrovich Zybin (1862-1942) Archived May 19, 2015 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ How did a lefty become a lefty?
- ↑ 1 2 Zybin S. A. History of the Tula Emperor Peter the Great Arms Factory. - M., 1912. - 357 p.
- ↑ Gamel I. Kh. Description of the Tula arms factory in historical and technical terms . - M., 1826.
- ↑ Samara State Agricultural Academy
- ↑ Encyclopedia of persons and cemeteries
- ↑ Victims of political terror in the USSR
- ↑ Breastplate “In memory of the 200th anniversary of the founding of the Imperial Tula Arms Plant by Emperor Peter the Great”
- ↑ S. A. Zybin, awarded the badge in memory of the 200th anniversary of the founding of the Imperial Tula Arms Plant by Emperor Peter the Great
- ↑ Signs in memory of the 200th anniversary of the founding of the Imperial Tula Arms Plant by Emperor Peter the Great and in memory of the 50th anniversary of the presence of His Imperial Highness Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolayevich in the post of General Feldzeichmeister on uniform
- ↑ Badge in memory of the 50th anniversary of the finding of His Imperial Highness Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolaevich in the post of General-Feltsdeichmeister
- ↑ Zybin S. A. A Brief History of the Tula Emperor Peter the Great Arms Factory . - M., 1912. - 6, 54 p., 4 p. Portr.
- ↑ The difficult age of the bronze emperor
Literature
- G. M. Chudnov. History of the Tula region. Training Edition. - Tula: Peresvet Publishing House, 2000. - 319 p. - ISBN 5-86714-030-X .
- G. M. Chudnov, O. N. Savenko. Treasures of the Tula Museum of weapons. - Tula: Prioksky Book Publishing House, 1979. - 190 p.
- Lists for seniority generals . - Military printing house, St. Petersburg, 1914-1916.
- Lists to colonels in seniority . - Military printing house, St. Petersburg, 1905-1913.
- A list of seniority in ranks to generals, headquarters and chief officers of the Main Artillery Directorate and its subordinate institutions and establishments. Done on April 1, 1915. —Typography of the military-district artillery administration. Petrograd. 1916
- List of generals, headquarters and chief officers and class officials of the Tula Emperor Peter the Great Arms Factory. State archive of the Tula region. Fund number 187 "Tula arms factory. 1712-1917 ", inventory No. 1, case No. 9547
- Commemorative books of the Tula province. - Printing house of the Provincial Government, Tula, 1893-1913.
Links
- Liege
- S. A. Zybin in the file cabinet of the project “Russian Army in the Great War”
- The gunsmith Sergey Zybin
- Zybin Sergey Alexandrovich
- Factory Library of Tulamashzavod Joint Stock Company
- The first detoxifier in Russia
- A labeled mail envelope dedicated to the organizer of weapons production in Tula, Sergey Alexandrovich Zybin, issued in the series "300th Anniversary of the Tula Arms Plant" and dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the birth of S. A. Zybin.
- STZ. Video
- On the creation of the badge "In memory of the 200th anniversary of the founding of the Imperial Tula Arms Plant by Emperor Peter the Great"
- Princes of Khovansk and Samara. Family covenants