Borshosh-Kumyatsky, Julius Vasilievich

Borshosh-Kumyatsky was born July 8, 1905 in the village. Great Comets in the peasant family of Vasily Borshosh. The Borshoshev family was large with six boys and as many girls. My father was a singing teacher by training, was an amateur carver and deacon in a rural Greek Catholic church.

After a public school in his native village he graduated from Uzhgorod teacher's seminary. Starting in 1924, the next 42 years he worked as a teacher until his retirement in 1966.

In 1924-1926 he taught at Big Chingava (now Borzhavskoye , Transcarpathian region ). Then, of his own free will, he went to work in the Verkhovyna villages of Mezhgorye, Repinnoye and Pylypets . In 1930 he moved to Rakhiv , where he worked in a city (incomplete secondary) school. The Hutsul region conquered him with the vivid colorfulness of folk clothes, the character of the Hutsuls, and picturesque. Here he was actively involved in public, educational work, maintained close ties with the regional press, and was engaged in tourism.

In March 1939, with the occupation of the Carpathian Ukraine by Hungary, Y. Borshosh was arrested. From the reprisal of the teacher-poet, Rakhovsky priest Fr. Demjanovich, who literally pulled him out of prison and prompted him to immediately move to the village. In the following years, he worked as the director of elementary schools in the Rakhov region in the villages of Kobyletskaya Polyana and Lug , and was seriously ill.

When in October 1944 in with. The Soviet troops entered the meadow, Yu. Borshosh, in addition to managing the school, is engaged in public work, became the first secretary of the village council. The following year, the elementary school was reorganized into a seven-year plan, in which he was the director until 1949. In 1949, the Borshev family moved to Uzhgorod .

In Uzhgorod, Yu. Borshosh worked as the director of the station for young naturalists and technicians, then, after completing sign language and defectology courses in Kiev , he worked at a deaf and dumb school and an auxiliary boarding school in Drawing near Uzhgorod. On the morning of March 28, 1978, Julius Borshosh-Kumyatsky died of a severe heart attack.

His first poetic experiments date back to his studies at the seminary. He began to print in 1924 by publishing the poem “A cuckoo cuckoo” in the journal Our Homeland, which was invariably edited by Alexander Markush over the course of 1922-1939. Prior to his first books, he was published mainly on the pages of the magazines Our Homeland and The Little Bee (1923-1934) - the chief editor of the latter was his director and teacher of pedagogy while studying at the seminary Augustin Voloshin . It was also published on the pages of the progressive literary-artistic and socio-political magazine of the region, edited by V. Grange-Don, “Our Earth”, as well as the newspaper “Freedom” and “Education Calendar for the Crimean Year of 1928.”

The educational almanac of the writers of Subcarpathian Rus “Trembita” (Uzhhorod: Publication of the Enlightenment Partnership, 1926) played a noticeable role in the formation of the talent of Yu. Borshosh-Kumyatsky (here, on pages 32–35, with a portrait of the author, on a separate page, a pretty solid selection of his poems is placed - “Where is my land”, “Water flows under the hornet ...”, “Cuckoo”, “Little bee and dove”, “Oh, light it, a month.” In these periodicals, dozens of poems were published that laid the foundation for his collection of poems, Spring Flowers (1928), for children and youth, and From My Land (1929) for an adult reader. In 1929-1944, he was also actively published in the press - newspapers, magazines, almanacs published in Uzhgorod, Mukachevo , Sevlush , Rakhiv, Prague , Lviv and Kharkov . He worked especially closely with the magazine “National Breakdown” of Transcarpathia (1933–1943), which was published in Prague and, since the late 1930s, became an all-Ukrainian literary, artistic, and socio-political month where the best examples of Ukrainian writing were printed. In this magazine, in addition to individual publications that were published in one of the book series - the Breakdown library - two of his collections, “It Is Sooning in the Carpathians” (1935) and “Blood Calls” (1938).

In the 1930s, the poetry of Y. Borshosh-Kumyatsky gained fame outside the Carpathians and goes to the wider Ukrainian expanses. It was published in the almanac "Gruni - to the steppes" (Kharkov, 1930), as well as in the magazines of Ukrainian patriotic art youth of Galicia, "Dazhbog" (1932-1935 - a month, and then a fortnight) and "Horizons" (1936-1937, weekly), that came out in Lviv.

For the life of Y. Borshosh-Kumyatsky printed 13 original poetry books. In 1980, the book of his selected works “Red viburnum” was published. Being a believer, he did not renounce God even during the years of Soviet atheism; he created a whole book of spiritual lyrics “Christ in the Carpathians”. She was published through the efforts of the poet’s son, the famous surgeon Julius-Bogdan Borshosh (1936-2003) in 1995. After that, there were also a lot of works of poetry and little prose outside the collections, which compiled the book “Before the Silver Grizzles” (2004), arranged by Julius-Bogdan, for the publication of which the author’s grandson Bogdan Borshosh and granddaughter Marfa Martyn made an effort nee Borshosh).

In 2005, in the series “Writers of Transcarpathia”, the poet’s most complete book was published - “On the orders of the clan”, which his son Julius-Bogdan worked on until the last days. The book contains the entire creative legacy of the writer, which deserves the attention of the modern reader, authentic texts of all six collections of the 20-30s are presented, as well as post-war poetry, poems in prose, small prose and journalism.

• Vesnyany quarters (1928)
• Beyond the Land (1929)
• In the Carpathians svitaє (1935)
• Blood Cliche (1938)
• Chervona viburnum (1980)
• Christ at the Carpathians (1995)
• Until srіbnikh sivin (2004)
• I will order the family (2005)

• Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia : in 12 volumes = Ukrainian Radyansk Encyclopedia (Ukrainian) / Ed. M. Bazhan . - 2nd view. - K .: Goal. Editorial URE, 1974-1985.
• Fedaka D. “I’ll rub it - that's all I’ve gotten to scow” // Borshosh-Kum'yatsky Yu. V.Z. I will order the family / order Yu.-B. Borshosh, introductory article, preparation of texts, vocabulary and primitives D. M. Fedaki. - Uzhhorod: VAT "Vidavnitsvo" Transcarpathia ", 2005. - S. 5-20.
• “To me burn, blue burned ...” // newspaper Tribuna, 07/09/2005

• Biography
• Transcarpathian Parnassus