Cosm II Dumustier ( fr. Cosme II Dumonstier , until 1545 - 1605 [1] , Rouen , France ) - French portrait painter, court painter Catherine de Medici, Henry III, Margaret Valois, Queen of Navarre, Henry IV. The father of court painter Henry IV Daniel Dumustier . He is attributed to the work of Monogramist IDC.
| Cosmus Dumustie | |
|---|---|
| fr Cosme dumonstier | |
| Date of Birth | till 1545 |
| Date of death | October 6, 1605 |
| Place of death | Rouen , France |
| Citizenship |  France |
| Genre | portrait |
| Study | Geoffroy Dumustier (?) |
| Style | Northern Renaissance , Mannerism , Baroque |
| Patrons | Catherine de Medici , Henry III , Margarita de Valois , Queen of Navarre, Henry IV |
Content
Biography
Cosmus Dumustier was the youngest of the three sons of the artist Geoffroy Dumustier . Unknown his date of birth. In his marriage contract with Charlotte Bernier of February 21, 1577, Cosm is mentioned as a qualified artist and valet of Queen Mother Ekaterina de Medici and Queen of Navarre , but he probably started serving Yekaterina de Medici only from 1574. [2] The mother queen granted him an annual salary of 300 livres . In 1580 and 1581 he was in the retinue of Queen Margherita during her travels in Nérac Bagnères. The portrait of the queen of Navarre, sent to Champvallon, was probably written by Cosmas. In 1583-1584 he was in the retinue of King Henry III.
Cosme was the father of the famous painter Daniel Dumustier , born out of wedlock on May 14, 1574, to Charlotte Bernier, the maid of the queen mother. His position legalized the marriage contract of parents on February 21, 1577 [2] . Charlotte died the following year and was buried on August 2 at the Cemetery of the Innocents ( Fr. Cimetière des Innocents ). Cosmus Dumustier re-married in 1595, this time to Marie Carton, the daughter of Catherine Meté and Guillaume Carton [2] .
Cosm probably remained in the service of Catherine de Medici until her death in 1589 [3] . At the beginning of the reign of Henry IV, Cosm retired to Rouen and settled first in the parish of Saint Nicholas , and then in the parish of Saint Vivien.
Henry IV bestowed upon Cosmus an annual rent of 400 livres. The artist enjoyed great fame. In his two letters on November 3, 1617 and December 18, 1629, Cesar Nostradamus (the son of the astrologer Nostrdamus ), himself a historian, poet and artist, recognized Cosmas "one of the most worthy people of his time" [2] . Nostradamus was his friend and student.
Cosmus Dumustier died in 1605 and was buried on October 6 in Rouen, in the parish of Saint-Vivien.
Attribution of works
No work has long been identified with the works of Cosmas Dumustier. However, French art historian Henri Boucher ( Fr. Henri Bouchot ) proposed to attribute the work of the IDC Monogramist to Cosmas ( fr. Maître IDC ). In fact, the monogram clearly reads like “DIC”, but according to the tradition that comes with Henri Bouchet and Louis Didier, the letters in it are rearranged. Boucher interpreted the monogram (“IDC”) as “Cosme Dumonstier Invertit” [4] . He attributed to this master fifteen works. This hypothesis was confirmed and substantiated by Daniel Lecker. In his opinion, the IDC Monogramist was not only a contemporary of Cosmas (and IDC Monogramist is traditionally credited with a period of activity from 1574 to 1600, which corresponds to the time of creative activity of Cosmas Dumustier), but also had a great influence on the works of Daniel Dumustier, son of Cosmas.
The work of the IDC Monogramist, Henri Boucheau, was originally attributed to the artist Jean Decurs ( fr. Jean Decourt ), but this attribution was rejected due to a mismatch of chronology [5] . Dekur died around 1585, and the best works of Monogramist IDC were written in the next fifteen years. It has also been suggested that “IDC” is not the artist’s monogram, but the initials of its model.
Features of creativity
Monogramist IDC portraits are characterized by spirituality and sensuality of the character, detailed drawing of the face is combined with barely outlined lines of the suit [6] . The artist inherits the traditions of not only the French, but also the Flemish art school. The person portrayed is always turned three-quarters relative to the viewer. Models more often belong to the bourgeois environment than to the aristocracy. The artist emphasizes the desire of his model to please the viewer and look like a representative of secular society. Technical perfection is combined with a deep psychological insight.
The most striking works of the master are: Portrait of Gabriel d'Estre (1594–1598, St. Petersburg , the State Hermitage Museum ), favorite of Henry IV, Portrait of King Henry III (1583, Private collection), Portrait of an unknown lady from the bourgeois milieu (circa 1580, Paris, National Library ), Portrait of a Young Man (circa 1588, St. Petersburg, State Hermitage Museum), Portrait of Count Klus in his youth ( Boston , Museum of Fine Arts) [7] . The influence of the artist is palpable in the works of Anonymous Lekurye, Anonymous of Duke Juayoz and Pierre Dumoustier . Art critics perceive his work as the pinnacle of a pencil drawing of the last third of the 16th century [6] .
Literature
- Guiffrey J. Les Dumoustier dessinateurs de portraits aux crayons XVI and XVII siecle. Revue de l'art ancien et modern. Paris. 1906. Vol 18.
Notes
- ↑ Date of death 1608 year is not documented. Philippe Desan. Sur le portrait dit "de Chantilly". Société des Amis de Montaigne.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Zvereva, Alexandra. Cosme II DUMONSTIER (DUMOUSTIER, DUMOÛTIER) (vers 1545 - Rouen, 6 octobre 1605). Le Portrait de la Renaissance française.
- ↑ According to another version, directly on the orders of Queen Cosm Dumustier, he worked only in 1586-1587. DUMONSTIER, DUMOUSTIER ou DUMOÛTIER LES (XVIe et XVIIe s.). Encyclopædia Universalis France.
- ↑ Henri Bouchot. Les portraits aux crayons des XVIe et XVIIe siècles conservés à la Bibliothèque nationele. Notice ... Paris. 1884.
- ↑ Maître IDC Larousse. Dictionnaire de la peinture.
- ↑ 1 2 Maltseva I. L. French pencil portrait of the XVI century. M. 1978. p. 181-184.
- ↑ Portrait présumè du Cte de Quélus en sa jeunesse (Mignon de Henri III). Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. Official site.