August Karl Kroenig (1822 - 1879) - German physicist and chemist . One of the founders of the modern kinetic theory of gases . Editor of the first German physics journals.
| August Karl Kroenig | |
|---|---|
| August Karl Krönig | |
| Date of Birth | September 20, 1822 |
| Place of Birth | Bielefeld |
| Date of death | June 5, 1879 (56 years old) |
| A place of death | Berlin |
| A country |  Germany |
| Scientific field | physics |
| Alma mater | University of Bonn |
| Known as | one of the founders of the kinetic theory of gases |
Content
- 1 Biography and scientific activities
- 2 Main publications
- 3 Literature
- 4 References
- 5 notes
Biography and scientific activities
Born in Schildesch (now a suburb of Bielefeld ), the land of North Rhine-Westphalia . He entered the University of Bonn , first studied Oriental languages, then became interested in physics and chemistry and moved to the University of Berlin . In 1845 he defended his thesis at the University of Berlin. For some time he taught at various gymnasiums in Berlin. In 1864 he was accepted by a university professor, but at the end of the year he resigned due to health problems. In 1851, he founded a scientific journal in physics and chemistry, which lasted about a year [1] .
In 1856, simultaneously with Rudolf Clausius , he substantiated the " equation of state of an ideal gas ." Thus, it was possible to relate the average kinetic energy of the molecules to the temperature. In this work, Kroenig was the first to express the idea of applying probability-statistical methods to the description of the behavior of gas molecules. From a new perspective, Kroenig was able to theoretically prove Avogadro's law [1] ..
Main publications
- De acidi chromici salibus cristallinis (doctoral thesis), Berlin, 1845
- Neue Methode zur Vermeidung und Auffindung von Rechenfehlern vermittelst der Neuner-, Elfer-, Siebenunddreißiger- und Hundertundeinerprobe. Ein Hülfsmittel für Zahlenrechner , Berlin, 1855
- Foundations of the theory of gases ("Grundzüge einer Theorie der Gase"), Annalen der Physik [2] 33 (1856), 315. The most famous article by Kroenig, which had a strong influence on the development of physics.
- Die Chemie, bearbeitet als Bildungsmittel für den Verstand zum Gebrauche bei dem chemischen Unterricht an höheren Lehranstalten , Berlin 1864
- Wie kritisirt man chemische Lehrbücher? Eine Antikritik , Berlin, 1865
- Die Werthlosigkeit einer grossen Anzahl von chemischen Formeln: Dargethan durch die Grösse der Fehler in Liebig's Analysen und neues Verfahren zur Ableitung der Formel einer Verbindung aus den Gewichtsmengen der Bestandtheile , Berlin: Julius Springer, 1866
- Das Dasein Gottes und das Glück der Menschen, materialistisch-erfahrungsphilosophische Studien, insbesondere über die Gottesfrage und den Darwinismus, über den Selbstbeglückungstrieb als Fundament Der
- Sechs neue Rezepte betr. billige Ernährung , Berlin, 1874
Literature
- Dorfman J. G. World History of Physics. From the beginning of the XIX to the middle of the XX century. - Ed. 3rd - M .: LCI, 2011 .-- 317 p. - ISBN 978-5-382-01277-3 .
- Hramov Yu. A. Kroenig August Karl // Physicists: Biographical Reference / Ed. A.I. Akhiezer . - Ed. 2nd, rev. and add. - M .: Nauka , 1983 .-- S. 144. - 400 p. - 200,000 copies. (in per.)
Links
- Biography on encyclopedia.com.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Temples Yu.A., 1983 , p. 144 ..