Parasha (also paraha or parashka ) - a vessel for stool in a prison cell [1] [2] [3] . The parasha is located in the cells of prisons and other correctional institutions and in other places of pre-trial detention.
Content
Etymology
The etymology of the word "parasha" is unclear. Perhaps from the word “powder”, which means the anus , now used in biology in relation to the anus of birds, worms, snakes and insects (cf. Intra-powders), which in turn is akin to the word “empty”.
A lot of the words of thieves' speech are of Jewish-Ukrainian origin even in tsarist times [4] (see Hebraism ). Also, the word parasha could have come from the Jewish “ parasha ” [5] ( Heb. פָּרָשַׁה - passage, portion; also has the meaning - “scandal, trouble.” Another version - the word comes from Hebrew פרש parash ("horseman") [4] .
In the 19th century, the version of “paraha” was also used to designate a vessel in prison: this is the name of the “smelly tub” in Leo Tolstoy ’s novel “ Resurrection ”.
In prison life
In prisons and other places of imprisonment, the bucket is located directly in the prison cell. In prisons, there are informal rules for the use of parasols: you must not use them when they eat in the cell, you must wash your hands after using the parasets [1] .
The parasha is used not only for its intended purpose, but also for transferring notes and small parcels to neighboring cells via prison sewers [6] .
In addition, the jail in prison is considered a symbolic place. Near the parasail are the lowered keys ; during the “lowering” of the prisoner, they can pour water from the bucket or dunk his head into the bucket. In some prisons, there is a rule that "lowered" should take food near the bucket or sitting on it [7] .
Finland intends to permanently eliminate the chambers with parashes and equip them with individual toilets [8] .
Parasha in fiction
I washed the drinking tanks and even the bucket. Of course, my enthusiasm was not picked up.
- Ahto Levy . Notes of the Gray Wolf
So that a simple Soviet prisoner,
Lived without a stench
And so, having eaten a bowl of porridge with a hook,
Calmly in your toilet cocoa ...- Gubin. From prison, from scrip, and from fear
To the cinema
The phrase from the film “ Gentlemen of Fortune ” (1971, USSR) “Baby, do not you think your place is near the bucket?” Became winged [9] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Vitaly Lozovsky A look from prison How to poke around in the cell. What is the strength in, brother?
- ↑ Explanatory dictionary of Ushakov. D.N. Ushakov. 1935-1940.
- ↑ Small Academic Dictionary. - M .: Institute of the Russian Language of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Evgeniev A.P. 1957-1984
- ↑ 1 2 alloetokto Russian "fenya" speaking Yiddish
- ↑ Koryavtsev P.M. (Selected questions of the etymology of the thieves. St. Petersburg.: 2006.)
- ↑ Vitaly Lozovsky. A look from the prison. How to survive and spend time in prison
- ↑ DICTIONARY OF THE PRISONER
- ↑ Finnish prisons will no longer have a bucket // © Yle Uutiset = Yle News Service. = Website of the television and radio company Yleisradio Oy (yle.fi) August 9, 2012. (Retrieved May 30, 2016)
- ↑ Kozhevnikov, A. Yu. Winged phrases and aphorisms of domestic cinema . - M .: "OLMA Media Group", 2007. - S. 551. - 831 p. - ISBN 978-5-373-00972-0 .
Literature
- Vitaly Lozovsky Look from prison
- Virtual Museum of the Gulag