Synopsis

Synopsis ^{[1] [2]} (the acceptable option is synopsis ^{[3] [4].} That takes into account the original Greek stress; other Greek σύνοψις < συν - с, с + όπτω - look, look) - in the scientific nomenclature of the ancient Greeks meant presentation in one general review, in a concise form, without detailed argumentation and without detailed theoretical considerations of one whole subject or one field of knowledge.

A weather forecaster ( συνοπτικός ) was a scientist who, with one general gaze, embraced in his world outlook the whole circle of objects belonging to a certain sphere. In subsequent times, the name synopsis was primarily given to historical works, which chronologically stated the facts one after another, carefully marking their dates. Usually, synopsis as a way of historical presentation was contrasted with syntagma ( dr. Greek σύνταγμα - order), according to the rules of which the material contained in the essay was arranged not only chronologically, but also more or less systematically, although this systematicity could be based on a purely external scheme: for example , in alphabetical order ( canonical syntagma of Matthew Vlastar ).

Synopsis differs from later historical works in the complete absence of pragmatism , that is, an explanation of the internal connection between previous and subsequent events, and any elements of historical criticism. A typical example of historical synopsis is the Kiev synopsis of Innocent Gisel , which summarizes the facts of Russian history in a concise and chronological sequence.

The Poles once called a synopsis a simple chronological collection and exposition of the rights and rules given by the kings to Polish Russian people who were in Polish citizenship. In Byzantine theological literature, synopsis was called a consistent review and presentation in the reduction of several similar topics; such, for example, is a review of the sermons of Chrysostom on the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments or a review of the conversations of St. Athanasius .

A synopsis is also called an abridged exposition of the interpretations of the Church Fathers , the prototype of which is Minya 's Sacrae Scripturae cursus completus. Professor M. A. Golubev called synopsis all science, called the "introduction to the Holy Scriptures", and his own writings, such as, for example, the interpretation of the first Epistle to the Corinthians .