Pseudouridine (abbreviated by the Greek letter psi Ψ) is a C- glycoside, an isomer of uridine nucleoside . This is the most common modified base of more than a hundred different modified bases that are found in RNA [1] . Pseudouridine is found in all types and many classes of RNA [2] [3] [4] [5] . It is synthesized by the enzyme pseudouridine synthase, which post-transcriptionally isomerizes certain uridine residues in RNA. Such a process is called pseudouridinylation [6] .
| Pseudouridine | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Are common | |
| Systematic name | 5 - [(2 S , 3 R , 4 S , 5 R ) -3,4-Dihydroxy-5- (hydroxymethyl) -oxolan-2-yl] -1 H- pyrimidine-2,4-dione |
| Chem. formula | C 9 H 12 N 2 O 6 |
| Physical properties | |
| condition | White granular powder |
| Molar mass | 244.20 g / mol |
| Chemical properties | |
| Solubility in water | soluble in water |
| Classification | |
| Reg. CAS number | 1445-07-4 |
| PubChem | |
| Smiles | |
| Inchi | |
| Chebi | 17802 |
| ChemSpider | |
Synthesis of pseudouridine from uridine using pseudouridine synthase.
Widely distributed in tRNA , where it is in complex with thymidine and cytosine in the so-called TΨC shoulder. Refers to the conservative, invariant part of tRNA. The function of pseudouridine in RNA remains unclear, but it is believed that it plays a role in interaction with aminoacyltransferases and, therefore, in translation initiation. Recent studies have shown that it possibly provides protection against radiation [7] .
 Ala tRNA from S. cerevisiae . Pseudouridine = Ψ |  Base pair interaction A-Ψ. |
See also
- Pseudouridine kinase
- tRNA pseudouridine synthase
Notes
- ↑ Hamma T., Ferré-D'Amaré AR Pseudouridine synthases (neopr.) // Chem. Biol. . - 2006. - T. 13 , No. 11 . - S. 1125-1135 . - DOI : 10.1016 / j.chembiol.2006.09.009 . - PMID 17113994 .
- ↑ Charette M., Gray MW Pseudouridine in RNA: what, where, how, and why (unopened) // IUBMB Life. - 2000. - T. 49 , No. 5 . - S. 341-351 . - DOI : 10.1080 / 152165400410182 . - PMID 10902565 .
- ↑ Liang XH, Xu YX, MIchaeli S. The spliced leader-associated RNA is a trypanosome-specific sn (o) RNA that has the potential to guide pseudouridine formation on the SL RNA (English) // RNA: journal. - 2002. - Vol. 8 , no. 2 . - P. 237-246 . - DOI : 10.1017 / S1355838202018290 . - PMID 11911368 .
- ↑ Carlile Thomas. Pseudouridine profiling reveals regulated mRNA pseudouridylation in yeast and human cells (Eng.) // Nature: journal. - 2014 .-- 5 September. - DOI : 10.1038 / nature13802 .
- ↑ Schwartz Schraga. Transcriptome-wide Mapping Reveals Widespread Dynamic-Regulated Pseudouridylation of ncRNA and mRNA (Eng.) // Cell : journal. - Cell Press , 2014 .-- 11 September. - DOI : 10.1016 / j.cell.2014.08.08.028 .
- ↑ Ferré-D'Amaré AR RNA-modifying enzymes (English) // Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol .. - 2003. - Vol. 13 , no. 1 . - P. 49–55 . - DOI : 10.1016 / S0959-440X (02) 00002-7 . - PMID 12581659 .
- ↑ Monobe, Manami; Arimoto-Kobayashi, Sakae; Ando, Koichi. β-Pseudouridine, a beer component, reduces radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes (English) // Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis: journal. - 2003. - Vol. 538 , no. 1-2 . - P. 93-99 . - DOI : 10.1016 / S1383-5718 (03) 00094-9 . - PMID 12834758 .