The Zemsky post office of the Kazan district of the Kazan province was opened on January 1, 1870 . From 1870 to 1895, for the needs of the Zemstvo post office in the Kazan district , and later for sale to merchants, their own whole things ( paid envelopes ) were issued. In 1895-1896 , the county received postal stamps in the postal system .
| Kazan County † | |
|---|---|
| Kazan province | |
 1870 stamp ( Solovyov # 1) | |
| Mail History | |
| Organized by | January 1, 1870 |
| First brands | |
| Standard | 1895 |
| Latest issue | 1895 |
Content
- 1 Organization of zemstvo mail
- 2 Paid Envelopes
- 3 Change in postage
- 4 Issues of zemstvo marks
- 5 See also
- 6 notes
- 7 Literature
- 8 References
Organization of Zemstvo post
The design of the Zemstvo post office in Kazan County was reviewed and approved by the Zemstvo Assembly on October 3, 1869. The resolution of the meeting read [1] :
Provide the administration with the establishment of written mail in the county for both the administration and private individuals, taking into consideration the draft commission that has been worked out on this subject. For the transportation of all official correspondence, which includes the Zemstvo as well as their parcels , do not assume any payments. For private letters and packages with newspapers charge 5 kopecks. for each, without taking into account their weight. Private packages do not accept. |
The Zemsky post office in the county began to operate from January 1, 1870, as the government reported in the report for 1870 [1] :
| Since January 1, 1870, the county post office has been established by the county as follows: government packages and bales and private simple letters, newspapers and magazines are accepted for sending. Sending private correspondence until April 1 was free of charge, until the administration was convinced of the correctness of the mail, and from April 1 it was appointed to charge 5 kopecks for sending simple private letters. for each and for newspapers and magazines 1 rub. silver per year or 10 kopecks. per month. For mail, the county is divided into 2 postal areas. 11 volosts are added to the first section, 9 - to the second. A special postman visits the site 2 times a week. By agreement with the Tsarevokokshaysky Administration [2] , correspondence is exchanged at the Alat station; a similar kind of exchange was proposed to be made by the Laishevsky and Mamadyshsky Zemsky authorities. Pochtary 3 people (the third carries correspondence in the city). |
Paid Envelopes
On March 3, 1870, the zemstvo assembly approved a new procedure for paying for private letters proposed by the county government [1] :
| ... Instead of 5 kopecks. collection from private letters ... paid envelopes of rural mail with a seal and signed by a member [council] are sent, which are sent to zemstvo stations and volost boards for sale at 6 kopecks. for every. |
There was an oval stamp on the envelope flap. Two issues of such envelopes are known, with several varieties of each [1] .
On the first issue of envelopes, the stamp of the stamp was made manually with blue (dark blue) paint. The words “Paid envelope of rural mail” were placed on the oval of the stamp, and in the center the word “Kazan”. Depending on the size of the envelopes and the shape of the valve, there are six varieties of this issue [1] .
On the envelope of the second issue was placed a red-purple oval stamp with a double frame. All words of the stamp began with a capital letter , and stars were depicted on both sides of the oval. Five varieties of the second issue were found, which differed in the size of the envelopes (150 × 120 and 145 × 80 mm ) and the type of paper used for their manufacture [1] .
The appearance of paid envelopes of the second issue dates back to 1884. According to D. Kuznetsov, these envelopes were no longer used as a means of payment when sending letters by zemstvo mail, but were made for sale to traders [3] .
Change
In the second half of 1870, the Kazan government turned to the zemstvo assembly with a proposal to cancel the fee for the delivery of private correspondence through the zemstvo mail system, explaining its request with the following circumstance [1] :
| This collection comes almost exclusively from peasants , who in a large proportion bear the expense of maintaining underwater conscription ; at the same time, all the revenue earned is a very insignificant figure [60–80 rubles a year], but meanwhile the council knows that among the peasants there is a murmur about charging them for sending letters. |
By not accepting this proposal, the Zemstvo Assembly on September 29, 1870, kept the existing procedure for paying for private correspondence unchanged. It was applied until 1883, when it was decided to reduce the fee “from senders of letters from 5 to 3 kopecks. and introduce the free issuance of letters sent to the county by zemstvo mail ”(that is, letters of state mail, which were further delivered by zemstvo mail) [1] .
Issues of Zemstvo marks
In 1894, in a report of the county audit commission on the work of the Zemstvo post office, it was proposed to introduce postage stamps [1] :
| At present, the transfer and collection of private correspondence is controlled by rather complicated entries in books, and it turns out that some volosts do not seem to receive private letters at all. The Revision Commission believes that if postage stamps were introduced, as is the practice in many zemstvos , significant simplification of the records could occur and, moreover, the very income of private correspondence would increase. |
On October 2, 1894, the Zemstvo Assembly discussed the report of the Audit Commission:
| [The chairman of the council] expressed fears that there would be no significant costs for making stamps in the EZGB [4] , and therefore suggested using the stamp, which is already in the council, and putting it on envelopes. But the majority supported the advantages of brands for control and believed that ordering them would not be expensive. |
At this meeting, the proposal of the Audit Commission was approved. The county assembly decided to introduce zemstvo postage stamps, and the council "to make the expense of making stamps from extraordinary amounts" [1] .
In 1895, the Zemstvo government reported [1] :
| Zemsky postage stamps of 3 kopek value from June 7, 1895 are sent for sale to volost boards, and are also issued to the zemstvo postman. |
Stamps were used for franking correspondence, which was directly stated in the report of the Kazan Council for 1895 [1] :
| Letters sent by private individuals were previously paid at a 3-penny fee. In the current reporting year, for this purpose, postage stamps of 3 kopek value were instituted, which pay for letters sent from Kazan to the county and from the county to Kazan. |
Stamps were printed lithographically on white paper. Teeth - 11½. For gumming, white glue was applied to some of the brands, and yellow glue to the other part [1] .
The stamps are drawn in blue and include the coat of arms of Kazan , crowned with a crown, around which and on the bottom there is an inscription: “Kazan Zemstvo rural mail. 3 kopecks. ” [1] .
The report of the council in March 1896 reported [1] :
| Of the 10,000 pieces of zemstvo marks ordered by the administration, they were issued to the zemstvo post and sent to volost boards on February 15, 1896 - 3877 pieces, counting 3 kopecks. for each at 116 p. 31 kopecks |
Nevertheless, the district council at its extraordinary meeting of March 13, 1896, not finding the results of the stamp application satisfactory, issued the following decision [1] :
| The postage from both private letters and newspapers and magazines from April 1896 to cancel. |
In total, Zemstvo postage stamps were in use for less than one year - from June 7, 1895 to April 1, 1896 [1] .
See also
- Zemsky mark
- Zemsky post office
- Kazan County
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Rudnikov Yu. Zemskaya Post and Postage Stamps of Kazan County // Philately USSR . - 1975. - No. 11. - S. 24-25. - (Topic: Research, searches). (Retrieved August 29, 2015) Archived August 29, 2015.
- ↑ Tsarevokokshaysky district was located next to Kazan.
- ↑ 1 2 D. Kuznetsov. New Information on the Work of the Kazan Zemstvo Postal // Philately of the USSR. - 1979. - No. 9. - S. 49-51. (Retrieved August 29, 2015) Archived August 29, 2015.
- ↑ Expedition of procurement of government securities ; now Goznak .
Literature
- Zemsky post office. Kazan County Zemstvo Post // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas ... [and others ] ; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988. - P. 89. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 . (Retrieved August 29, 2015) Archived August 30, 2015.
Links
- Kazan county (Kazan province) . Zemstvo. Story. Comments A remake of the catalog of F. G. Chuchin . Smolensky collector; V.A. Novosyolov. - An electronic book on the site of V. A. Novosyolov (Smolensk). Date of treatment August 30, 2015. Archived August 30, 2015.
- Novoselov V. A. Chapter 11. Different mails are needed, different stamps are important. Local brands. Zemsky stamps of Russia . Acquaintance with philately: The world of philately . Smolensk: World m @ rock; Union of Philatelists of Russia (November 14, 2008). - EBook. Date of treatment March 8, 2010. Archived on April 19, 2012.