Marquis Lansdowne

Marquis Lansdowne
Marquis Lansdowne
	; Coat of arms of the Marques of Lansdowne
Period	December 6, 1784 - present
Title	Marquis Lansdowne
Ancestor	William Petty-Fitzmore, First Marquis Lansdowne
Homeland	United Kingdom
Nationality	United Kingdom
Palaces	Bowood House in the Surroundings of Derry Hill in Wiltshire

The Marquess of Lansdowne, Marquess of Lansdowne, is a hereditary aristocratic title in the British Peer system created for the head of the Petty Fitzmore family. This branch of the family comes from the venerable John Petty-Fitzmoris (originally John Fitzmoris) (1706-1761), the second son of Thomas Fitzmoris, 1st Earl of Kerry (1668-1741), and his wife Ann Petty and (d. 1737 ), daughter British economist Sir William Petty (1623–1687). The wife of William Petty, Elizabeth Waller (1636-1708), bore the title of Baroness Shelburne (from 1688 ).

In 1751, after the death of his maternal uncle, Henry Petty, 1st Earl of Shelburne (1675-1751), John Petty-Fitzmoris inherited his estate and received royal permission for the name "Fitzmooris" instead of "Petty." In the same year, the titles of Baron Dankeron and Viscount Fitzmooris were created for him ( Peerstvo of Ireland ). In 1753, John Fitzmoreis received the title of Earl of Shelburne in County Wexford ( Peerstvo Ireland ). He represented Kerry (1743-1751) and Wycombe (1754-1760) in the House of Commons of Great Britain. In 1760, the title of Baron Wycombe from Chaping Wycombe in Buckinghamshire ( United Kingdom ) was created for him, which gave him an automatic seat in the British House of Lords .

History

Lord Shelburne was succeeded by his eldest son, William Petty-Fitzmoris, 2nd Earl of Shelburne (1737-1805). He was a prominent statesman and served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1782 to 1783 . His brother, the Honorable Thomas Fitzmoris (1742-1793) from Cleveland , was a member of the House of Commons.

On December 6, 1784, the titles of Viscount Kaln and Kalston were created for Lord Shelburne in Wiltshire , Earl of Wycombe from Chaping Wycombe and the Marquis of Lansdowne in Somerset County ( United Kingdom ). Thanks to his first marriage to Lady Sophia Carteret (1745-1771), the only daughter of Robert Carteret, 3rd Earl of Grenville (1721-1776), William Petty, 1st Marquis of Lansdowne, acquired many estates of the Carteret family, including Lansdowne Hill near Bath, from which comes the name of the Marquis of Lansdowne. Nevertheless, he is better known in history under his former title of Count Shelburne. He served in the House of Commons from Wycombe (1760-1761) and Kerry (1761-1762), was the first Lord of Trade ( 1763 ), Secretary of State for the Southern Department ( 1766 - 1768 ), and Home Secretary of Great Britain ( 1782 ).

He was succeeded by his son from his first marriage with Lady Sophia Carteret, John Henry Petty, 2nd Marquis of Lansdowne (1765-1809). A member of the Whig party, he represented Wycombe in the House of Commons (1786-1802). He died childless, he was succeeded by his half-brother, Henry Petty-Fitzmoris, 3rd Marquis of Lansdowne (1780-1863). He was the son of the 1st Marquis of Lansdowne from his second marriage to Lady Louise Fitzpatrick. Known in the years 1784 - 1809 as Lord Henry Petty, he was one of the most influential politicians from the Whig party of the first half of the 19th century. He held the posts of Chancellor of the Exchequer of Great Britain (1806-1807), Minister of the Interior (1827-1828), Lord Chairman of the Council (1830-1834, 1835-1841, 1846-1852) and Minister without a portfolio (1852-1858). He twice refused to become British Prime Minister, and in 1857 refused the ducal title proposed to him by Queen Victoria. In 1818, Lord Lansdowne also became the successor to his cousin, Francis Thomas-Fitzmoris, 4th Earl of Kerry (1740-1818). His eldest son, William Petty-Fitzmoris, Earl of Kerry (1811–1836), was a member of the House of Commons from Kaln (1832–1836), but died during his father’s life, leaving no sons. Therefore, Lord Lansdowne was succeeded by his second son, Henry Petty-Fitzmoris, 4th Marquis of Lansdowne (1816-1866). Back in 1856, he was called to the House of Lords as Baron Wycombe. In 1856 - 1589 he was the parliamentary deputy secretary of state for foreign affairs. His second wife was Emily Jane Merker Elphinstone de Flao, 8th Lady of Nairn (1819-1895), daughter of the French general and statesman Charles Joseph, Count de Flao , and Margaret Nairn, 7th Lady of Nairn (1788-1867).

He was succeeded by the eldest son from his second marriage, Henry Charles Keith Fitzmoris, 5th Marquis of Lansdowne (1845-1927). Like his grandfather, he was a major statesman and held a number of ministerial posts. Lord Lansdowne was Governor-General of Canada (1883–1888), Viceroy of India (1888–1894), Minister of War (1895–1900), Minister of Foreign Affairs (1900–1905), leader of the Conservative Party (1911–1916), and Minister without a portfolio (1915-1916). In 1895, after the death of his mother, he inherited the title of 9th Lord Nairn. His eldest son, Henry William Edmund Petty-Fitzmooris, 6th Marquis of Lansdowne (1872–1936), was a member of the West Derbyshire House of Commons (1908–1918) and senator of the Irish Free State in 1922 .

In 1936, after the death of the 6th Marquis, he was succeeded by his second son, Charles Hope Petty-Fitzmoris, 7th Marquis of Lansdowne (1917-1944). He died at the front during World War II in 1944 , being unmarried. His younger brother, Lord Edward Norman Petty-Fitzmoris (1922-1944), died in battle a week before the death of the senior Lord Lansdowne. The elder sister Catherine Evelyn Constance Petty-Fitzmore (1912-1995), the wife from 1933 of Edward Clive Bigham, 3rd Viscount Mercy (1906-1979) inherited the Baron title. The marquise received George John Charles Merker Nairn Petty-Fitzmoris, 8th Marquis of Lansdowne (14912-1999), cousin of the 7th Lord Lansdowne. He was the son of Lord Charles George Francis Merker Nairn Petty-Fitzmoris (1874-1914), the second son of the 5th Marquis of Lansdowne. In 1947, George adopted the surname "Petty Fitzmoris." He was a member of the Conservative Party in the House of Lords, and served as Deputy Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (1958-1962) and Deputy Secretary of State for Colonial Affairs (1962-1964).

As of 2014 , the owner of the marquisate was his eldest son, Charles Maurice Fitzmoris, 9th Marquis of Lansdowne (born 1941 ), who succeeded his father in 1999 .

The eldest son and heir to the Marquis of Lansdowne bears the titles of Earl of Kerry and Earl of Shelburne.

Ancestral residence - Bowood House in the vicinity of Derry Hill in Wiltshire . The former residence was Lansdown House on Beverly Square in London .

Earls of Shelburn (1753)

1753-1761: John Petty-Fitzmoris, 1st Earl of Shelburne (1706 - May 14, 1761), second son of Thomas Fitzmoris, 1st Earl of Kerry (1668-1741), and Anne Petty, daughter of Sir William Petty (1623-1687 )
1761-1805: William Petty-Fitzmoris, 2nd Earl of Shelburne (May 2, 1737 - May 7, 1805), the eldest son of the previous, Marquis Lansdowne from 1784 .

Marquises of Lansdowne (1784)

1784-1805: William Petty-Fitzmoris, 1st Marquis Lansdowne (May 2, 1737 - May 7, 1805), the eldest son of John Petty-Fitzmoris, 1st Earl of Shelburne
1805-1809: John Henry Petty-Fitzmoris, 2nd Marquis Lansdowne (May 2, 1765 - November 15, 1809), the eldest son of a previous marriage
1809-1863: Henry Petty-Fitzmore, 3rd Marquis of Lansdowne (July 2, 1780 - January 31, 1863), the only son of the 1st Marquis of Lansdown from his second marriage, half-brother of the previous
1863-1866: Henry Petty-Fitzmoris, 4th Marquis Lansdowne (January 7, 1816 - July 5, 1866), second son of the previous
1866-1927: Henry Charles Keith Petty-Fitzmore, 5th Marquis Lansdowne (January 14, 1845 - June 3, 1927), the eldest son of the previous
1927-1936: Henry William Edmund Petty-Fitzmoris, 6th Marquis Lansdowne (January 4, 1872 - March 5, 1936), the eldest son of the previous
1936-1944: Charles Hope Petty-Fitzmore, 7th Marquis Lansdowne (January 9, 1917 - August 30, 1944), second son of the previous
1944-1999: George John Charles Merker Nairn Petty-Fitzmoris, 8th Marquis Lansdowne (November 27, 1912 - August 25, 1999), the only son of Lord Charles Petty-Fitzmoris (1874-1914), the youngest son of the 5th Marquis Lansdowne
1999 - present: Charles Maurice Petty-Fitzmore, 9th Marquis of Lansdowne (born February 21, 1941), eldest son of a previous marriage
- Heir: Simon Henry George Petty-Fitzmoris, Earl of Kerry (born November 24, 1970), the eldest son of a previous marriage.

Line of Succession

Simon Henry George Petty-Fitzmoris, Earl of Kerry (born 1970), eldest son of the 9th Marquis
Lord William Nicholas Charles Petty-Fitzmore (born 1973), the youngest son of the 9th Marquis
Lord Robert Harold Merker Nairn (born 1947), the youngest son of the 8th Marquis
Samuel George Merker Nairn (born 1976), the eldest son of the previous
George Ivan Merker Nairn (born 2009), the eldest son of the previous
Harold Charles Merker Nairn (born 2011), younger brother of the previous
Joseph Douglas Merker Nairn (born 1980), the youngest son of Lord Robert George Merker Nairn
Fergus Gray Merker Nairn (born 2009), the only son of the previous one.

Links

Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990.
Leigh Rayment's Peerage Pages
Lundy, Darryl. "FAQ" . The Peerage .