Kuznechevsky bridge - automobile suspension bridge over the Kuznechikha River (sleeve of the Northern Dvina ) in the city of Arkhangelsk , connects Solombala with the city center.
| Kuznechevsky bridge | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Application area | Car, pedestrian |
| Crosses | Kuznechikha River |
| Location | Arkhangelsk |
| Design | |
| Type of construction | suspension bridge |
| Material | steel |
| Main span | 124 m |
| total length | 385 m |
| Bridge width | 20.4 m |
| Exploitation | |
| Opening | October 20, 1956 |
Content
History
| External Images | |
|---|---|
| Testing the bridge, October 1956 | |
The floating bridge over Kuznechikha was first built in 1805, the passage and passage on it was paid [1] [2] . In 1867, a new wooden floating bridge was built at the expense of the city [3] . The bridge was built only in the summer, it was dismantled in the fall and rebuilt in the spring after the ice drift. In the middle of the bridge, an adjustable span of 8.5 m wide was specially designed for passing ships [2] . In 1917, tram traffic began on the bridge.
By the winter of 1923-1924. a permanent wooden bridge with iron trusses was built [4] . The opening of the movement took place on February 19, 1924 [5] . Already on May 4, 1924, almost half of the bridge was demolished by spring floods. The bridge, it was decided to disassemble for firewood. After that, a floating bridge was built again, which operated until the construction of the permanent bridge.
In 1935, it was decided to build a permanent metal bridge. The project was developed by engineer G.P. Perederius . The construction of the bridge began in February 1936. It was conducted with the participation of regional and city organizations. The technical management of the construction of the bridge was assigned to the staff of the Solombalsky plant. In April 1937, the head of work, E. D. Dashevsky, was accused of sabotage and was soon shot. By this time only bridge piers were built [6] . At the beginning of 1941, 750 tons of metal span structures for the new bridge were manufactured at the Debaltsevsky Metallurgical Plant (Ukraine). It was planned to complete the manufacture of the remaining structures by July 1, in the third quarter to begin their shipment by rail and complete the construction of the bridge by the end of 1941, but because of the outbreak of war, the construction of the bridge was postponed [7] .
Work resumed in 1953. The opening of a new permanent bridge took place on October 20, 1956. A tram line connecting Solombalu with the central part of the city was laid over the bridge. The tram traffic operated until 2002. In 2003, the cover of the carriageway and sidewalks was replaced, the tram tracks were dismantled, repairs and corrosion protection of the steel elements of the bridge were carried out [5] .
In the spring of 2004, the load was limited and a ban on the movement of heavy vehicles was introduced, after which a pontoon ferry was constructed for heavy vehicles north of the Kuznechevsky bridge.
Currently, it is planned to build a new bridge over Kuznechikha in the Shilov Island area, which will provide reliable transport links between the Solombal, Northern and Maimaksan districts of Arkhangelsk with the city center.
Design
The five-span suspension bridge is steel-reinforced concrete. The bridge system is single cable with vertical suspensions. The scheme of the breakdown into spans 55 + 63 + 124 + 63 + 55 m. For a hanging structure with spans 63 + 124 + 63 m and for lateral beam spans, beams of the same height (2.37 m) are accepted. In the cross section there are 7 main beams. The distance between the stiffening beams is 3 m. A reinforced concrete slab of the carriageway 17 cm thick is arranged above the beams. Cables, pendants and pylons are placed in the middle of the extreme gaps between the steel beams. Cables are anchored on solid steel diaphragms located at these gaps. To distribute the compressive force over the entire width of the reinforced concrete slab and to all steel beams, multi-lattice ties along the lower belts of steel beams were used, and special multi-lattice diaphragms along the upper belts of steel beams were arranged along the length of 16.5 m at each end of the cables. Reinforced concrete slab combined with steel beams with corner stops. The length of the bridge is 385 m, the width is 20.4 m (of which the width of the carriageway is 13.6 m and two sidewalks are 3.4 m each) [8] .
Span metal structures are made of steel St3 pavement [9] . Mounting connections are riveted. The total consumption of steel amounted to 1611 tons [9] .
Bridge supports made of reinforced concrete on a pile foundation. Pylons metal, I-profile. The height of the pylons above the level of the carriageway is 18.1 m [10] .
The bridge is designed for traffic and pedestrians. The carriageway includes 2 lanes for the movement of vehicles. The covering of the roadway and sidewalks is asphalt concrete. Sidewalks are separated from the roadway by a metal barrier. Cast iron railings of artistic castings, a concrete parapet is installed on supports and abutments.
Notes
- ↑ Barashkov, 1984 , p. 52.
- ↑ 1 2 K. Tarakanov. Kuznechevsky bridges of Arkhangelsk: disassembly and assembly . True North (July 17, 2017).
- ↑ Urban planning of Russia in the middle of the 19th — beginning of the 20th centuries. Book Three: Capitals and Provinces / Edited by E. I. Kirichenko. - M .: Progress-Tradition, 2010 .-- S. 239. - 616 p. - ISBN 978-589826-333-1 .
- ↑ // Spotlight. - M. , 1928. - Issue. 6-8 . - S. 185 .
- ↑ 1 2 Kuznechevsky bridge - the main link in the transport scheme of Arkhangelsk . My Arkhangelsk (February 19, 2005).
- ↑ Arinin V.I. The Shadow of the Generalissimo: A Documentary Story . - Arkhangelsk: North-West. Prince Publishing House, 1991 .-- S. 133. - 155 p.
- ↑ Barashkov, 1984 , p. 93.
- ↑ Streletsky, 1965 , p. 83, 85, 122-124.
- ↑ 1 2 Streletsky, 1965 , p. 85.
- ↑ Streletsky, 1965 , p. 123.
Literature
- Barashkov Yu. A. Arkhangelsk: Architectural biography .. - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - Arkhangelsk: North-West. Prince Publishing House, 1984. - 159 p.
- Streletsky N. N. Steel-reinforced concrete bridges. - M .: Transport, 1965 .-- 376 p.
- Popov G. D. Suspension bridge over the river. Kuznechikhu // Materials on steel structures. - M .: Proektstalkonstruktsiya, 1957. - Issue. 1 .
Links
- K. Tarakanov. Kuznechevsky bridges of Arkhangelsk: disassembly and assembly . True North (July 17, 2017).