Life Guards Egersky Regiment - the Life Guards formation ( military unit , Jäger regiment ) of the Imperial Guard of the Russian Imperial Army .
| Life Guard Jäger Regiment | |
|---|---|
 breastplate of the Life Guards Jäger regiment | |
| Years of existence | 1796-1918 |
| A country |  Russia |
| Enters into | 1st Guards Infantry Division |
| Type of | life guards , light infantry ( rangers ) |
| Dislocation | St. Petersburg |
| Commanders | |
| Famous Commanders | E.F.de Saint-Prix , Bagration, Pyotr Ivanovich , K.I. Bystrom , E.A. Golovin |
"Huntsman" in German means "hunter, shooter." In the Prussian army, huntsmen (they were recruited from the sons of foresters and hunters) proved their effectiveness during the Seven Years' War . For action on rough terrain, not slender closed ranks were needed, but small formations of dexterous and apt shooters capable of acting alone or in small groups. Light infantry units (rifle troops) were created in the Russian army along the lines of the European ones. “ Grenadiers and musketeers are tearing at bayonets ,” said A.V. Suvorov , “and the huntsmen shoot.”
History
The Life Guards Egersky Regiment has its origins from the regiment created by Tsesarevich Pavel Petrovich in 1792 as part of the Gatchina Light Infantry Company called Egerskaya, which was disbanded at the end of 1793 and assembled again in 1794 . Its commander was appointed Major Anton Mikhailovich Rachinsky. The rangers' uniform differed from the other Gatchina troops in a green jacket .
By the highest order of November 9, 1796, all the Gatchina troops received the rights of the old guard, and that existed in L.-GV. Semenov and Izmailovsky Regiments, the Eger teams, together with the Egerskaya company of the Gatchina troops , formed the L.-Gds. Jäger battalion, three company staff. Since that time ( November 9, 1796 ) L.-GV. Jäger Regiment has seniority.
The first commander of L.-GHV. The Egersky battalion was the same A. M. Rachinsky, in 1800 his place was taken by Prince P. I. Bagration . In 1802, the Egersky battalion was increased by one company. The first battle affair of the rangers was the battle of Austerlitz . May 10, 1806 L.-GV. The jäger battalion doubled in its composition and became known as the Life Guards Jäger regiment . May 16, 1807 L.-GV. The Egersky Regiment is commanded to form the 3rd Battalion. In 1809, Colonel K.I. Bystrom was appointed commander of the guard rangers. In 1828, due to the damage received on September 10, 1828 near Varna, when the Turks attacked, the second battalion was formed anew from units separated from the 13th and 14th regiment of Chasseurs. In 1835, during the consecration of the monument in the fields of Kulm, Emperor Nicholas I , wanting to emphasize the special merits of L.-GV. The Egersky regiment on this day ordered the rangers to celebrate their regimental feast on August 17, the day of the Great Martyr Miron.
In 1855, L.-H. Egersky regiment renamed L.-GV. Gatchinsky, but on August 17, 1870 , on the day of the regimental holiday, the regiment was returned to its former name .
Apartment shelf
The winter Petersburg Apartments of the Egersky Guards Regiment had been at Semenovsky parade for a hundred years. In the capital, the Egersky Regiment first occupied the Semyonov barracks on Zvenigorodskaya street (later called the “old masters'”), and then moved to the “new foot” barracks specially built for him at Ruzovskaya , house No. 14, No. 16, No. 18.
Regimental temple of sv. Mironia
Since the huntsmen were distinguished by their loyal upbringing and liberal ideas almost did not spread among the officers, the regiment was favored by Emperor Nicholas I. At his own expense, he ordered to build a regimental temple for the rangers in the name of the holy martyr Myronius between the barracks and the Obvodny Canal , at the confluence of the Obvodny and Vvedensky Canals . It was built in 1849 - 1854 by the project of K. A. Ton in memory of the victory of the combined forces of the Russian and Prussian armies over Napoleon near the city of Kulm on August 17, 1813, on the day of the memory of St. Mironius .
The church was closed in March 1930 and blown up in 1934 [1] . Now on this place is a wasteland and car wash.
Battle Campaigns
I have never seen such excellent regiments as the Nizov and Revel infantry, the 3rd Egersky Regiment (Barclay de Tolly regiment) and the Life Regiment Battalion . Not only Napoleon, but even Caesar did not have the best warriors! The officers were well done and educated people; the soldiers went into battle like a feast : amicably, cheerfully, with songs and jokes .
- Bulgarin F. V. Memoirs .
- 1805-07 - Russian-French war:
- 11/20/1805 - participated in the battle of Austerlitz .
- 05/24/1807 - participated in the battle at the metro station Lomitten
- 2.06.1807 - participated in the Battle of Friedland.
- 1808-09 - Russian-Swedish war:
- 10.15, 06/18/1808 - participated in the battles of the city of Kuopio;
- 10/15/1808 - participated in the battle at the lake. Porovesi (at d. Idensalmi)
- 10.29.10.1808 - participated in the battle near the village of Idensalmi
- 11/20/1808 - participated in the occupation of Uleaborg.
- 26.02.-07.03.1809 - one battalion participated in the expedition to the Aland Islands in the corps of Lieutenant General Prince Bagration.
- 1812 - Patriotic War:
- August 5, 1812 - participated in the Battle of Smolensk.
- 24-26.08.1812 g. - participated in the battle of Borodino
- November 5, 1812 - participated in the battle in the district of Krasny-Dobroe.
- 1813-14 - Overseas trips:
- May 8-9, 1813 - participated in the battle of Bautzen.
- 08/17/1813 - participated in the Battle of Kulm.
- 4, 10/06/1813 - participated in the battle of Leipzig.
- 03/19/1814 - entered Paris.
- 1828–1829 - Russian-Turkish war: 1st and 2nd battalions participated in hostilities
- 28.08.-29.09.1828 - participated in the siege and occupation of the cr. Varna
- 09/10/1828 - participated in the battle of Haji-Gassan-Lar . Because of the criminal negligence of the commander of the detachment, which included the 1st and 2nd battalions of the guard rangers, the favorite of the king, the Polish colonel, the adjutant wing of Count Zalussky , the rangers were surrounded and were almost completely destroyed by the superior forces of the Turks (out of 700 people Only 5 officers returned to the camp and 256 lower ranks with the banner of St. George of the 1st Battalion, almost all wounded). The regiment commander P.A. Gartong, two staff officers and numerous chief officers were killed, the banner of St. George of the 2nd battalion was lost (as it turned out later, officers tore it into three parts so that it would not get to the Turks; two died, the third ( Lieutenant Sabanin) was captured, but kept intact the fragment of the banner). According to the results of the investigation, the surviving officers and lower ranks "for their cowardice and loss of the battalion banner" were declassified by army regiments by the decree of Nicholas I, although Zalussky was the only culprit in the disaster. The 2nd Battalion was anew staffed by officers and lower ranks of the 13th and 14th Army Chasseurs regiments.
- 09/14/1828 - participated in the storming and capture of the fortified camp near the redoubt number 12 at the cr. Varna
- 09/16/1828 - participated in the battle under the cr. Varna (under the estuary Devno)
- 09/18/1828 - participated in the Battle of Kurtepa.
- 1830–1831 - Polish campaign: 1st and 3rd battalions participated in the fighting
- 4 May 1831 - participated in the battle near the village of Przheitsa and the retreat on dd. Drugosedlo and Plivki
- 05/05/1831 - participated in the battle near the village of Yakats
- 05/08/1831 - participated in the battle of the village of Rudky
- 05/09/1831 - participated in the battle near the town of Tykochin
- 08.25.1831 - the regiment hunters participated in the storming and capture of the suburbs of Volia and the city of Warsaw.
- August 26, 1831 - both battalions participated in the assault and capture of the suburbs of Volia and the city of Warsaw.
- 1877–1878 - Russian-Turkish war:
- 10/12/1877 - participated in the battle at the village of Telish
- 13-18.12.1877 - participated in the passage through the Balkans
- 12/23/1877 - joined Sofia.
- 01/17/1878 - the 1st and 3rd battalions participated in the capture of Kyustendil.
- 1914-1917 - First World War: participated in the Lublin (1914), Warsaw-Ivangorod (1914), Czestochowa-Krakow (1914) operations, positional battles under the cr. Lomza (1915), fighting in the district of Kholm (1915), Vilna (1915), Kovel (1916), Vladimir-Volyn (1916) operations, positional battles in -Not Svinyuhinskogo, Square forests and forests "boot" on the river. Stokhod (1916), Galician operation (1917):
- 08/20/1914 - participated in a head-on battle at Vladislavovo metro station
- 08/24/1814 - participated in the battles of dd. Kshchonov, Gelchev
- August 25-26, 1914 - participated in the battles with dd. Zarashov, Urshulin
- 2/9/1914 - participated in the battle near the village. Křeshov.
- 10-13.10.1914. - participated in the battles under the cr. Ivangorod (in reserve)
- 10-19 / 10/1914 - participated in the battles in the district of the village of Lagov;
- 10/22/1914 - participated in the battle at dd. Khmilnyk, Lagiewniki
- 10/23/1914 - participated in the occupation of the town of Pinchov on the r. Nida
- 3-7.11.1914 g. - participated in the battles in the district of the village. Scala - d. Sulashov
- 11/11/1914 - participated in the battle at dd. Poreba - Dzerzhna.
- 12.1914-01.1915 g. - was in reserve.
- 02/05/1915 - participated in the battle at dd. Gorki, Kobylin
- 6, 02.19.1915 - participated in the battles near the village of Vysoké-Male, height "85.0"
- 07.16.07.1915 - participated in the battles near the village of Krupa
- July 19-20, 1915 - participated in the battles near the village of Stavok
- 07/30/1915 - participated in the battle near the village of Petrilov
- 1.08.1915. - Participated in a battle with. Holesov.
- 08/29/1915 - participated in the battles of dd. Uliche, Anthony
- 30.08.-3.09.1915 - participated in the battles in the area of the lake. Korve - Kramnyski village
- 09/06/1915 - participated in the battle in the metro station of Soly - the village of Kzenzovsky Zayezertsy
- 09/08/1915 - participated in the battles at the lake. Riga, dd Antonishki, Andrejeevtsy
- 9, 09/13/1915 - participated in the battles near the village of Menki.
- 16, 17, 09.22.1915 - participated in defensive battles in the m. Smorgon district.
- 10.1915-06.1916 - The regiment was in reserve.
- 15-16.07.1916 - participated in the attack in the district of the village Rajmesto on the r. Stokhod
- 07.24-Aug 24, 1916 - was in position in the region of Kukharsky Forest
- 08/30/19/1916 - was in position near the Svinyukhinsky Forest.
- 09.1916-05.1917 - Participated in positional battles in the district of Svinyukhinsky, Square forests and forests "Sapog" on the river. Stokhod.
- 06/23/1917 - participated in the attack near the village of Tavotloki.
- 6-15.07.1917 - participated in defensive battles under Tarnopol, Zbarazh.
Appearance
The regiment recruited low, stocky, stumpy recruits [2] .
Chefs
Chefs or honorary commanders of the formation:
Guards Museum, St. Petersburg .
- 09.11.1796 - 09.06.1800 - Lieutenant Colonel (from 31.12.1796 Colonel, from 1798 Major General, from 1800 Lieutenant General) Rachinsky, Anton Mikhailovich
- 06/09/1800 - 09/12/1812 - Major General (from 11.1805 Lieutenant-General, from 20.03.1809 from Infantry General) Prince Bagration, Peter Ivanovich
- 11/27/1813 - 06/15/1831 - His Imperial Highness the Great Prince Konstantin Pavlovich
- June 25, 1831 - February 18, 1855 - Emperor Nicholas I
- 02/19/1855 - 03/01/1881 - Emperor Alexander II
- 02.03.1881 - 10.21.1894 - Emperor Alexander III (since October 28, 1866 the 2nd chef)
- 02.11.1894 - 03/04/1917 - Emperor Nicholas II
Commanders
- 03/07/1805 - 11.19.1809 - Colonel Count Saint-Priest, Emmanuel Frantsevich
- 12/19/1809 - 05.29.1821 - colonel (from 21/21/1812 Major General) Bistrom, Karl Ivanovich
- August 10, 1821 - March 14, 1825 - Major General Golovin, Yevgeny Alexandrovich
- 03/14/1825 - 09/10/1882 - Colonel (then Major General) Gartong, Pavel Alekseevich [3]
- 09.23.1828 - 08.28.1831 - Major General Poleshko, Stepan G. [4]
- September 13, 1831 - May 3, 1833 - Major General Shtegelman, Pavel Andreevich 1st
- 04/02/1833 - 09/22/1841 - Major General von Moller, Alexander Fedorovich
- 09.22.1841 - 03.20.1850 - Major General Svita Baron Solovyov, Vsevolod Nikolaevich
- 03/20/1850 - 04/02/1855 - Major General Musnitsky, Osip Osipovich
- 04/02/1855 - 02/29/1856 - Major General Voropai, Jacob Fomich
- 02/29/1856 - 4/23/1861 - Major General Ganzen, Wilhelm Vasilyevich
- 04/23/1861 - 05/25/1863 - Major General Sweetheart Baron von Willebrant, Ernst Fedorovich
- 05/25/1863 - 12/06/1864 - Major General Deboa, Alexander Alekseevich
- December 6, 1864 - February 8, 1868 - Major General Prince Kropotkin, Mikhail Semenovich
- February 13, 1868 - 04/17/1876 - Colonel (since May 20, 1868 - Major General) Ellis, Alexander Veniaminovich
- 04/17/1876 - 04/17/1880 - Colonel (from 10/12/1877 - Major General) Chelishchev, Alexey Alexandrovich
- August 17, 1880 - May 4, 1887 - Major General Frese, Alexander Alexandrovich
- 05/18/1787 - 02.17.1891 - Major General Dolukhanov, Khozrev Mirzabekovich
- February 17, 1989 - November 24, 1989 - Major General Maltsov, Ivan Sergeevich
- November 24, 1989 - November 20, 1895 - Major-General Count Shuvalov, Pavel Petrovich
- 11/28/1895 - 04/25/1900 - Major General Chekmarev, Andrei Ivanovich
- 07/11/1900 - 06/03/1903 - Major General Baron Rosen, Konstantin Oskarovich
- 06/03/1903 - 02/18/1906 - Major General Sirelius, Leonid-Otto Ottovich
- 02/18/1906 - 07/10/1908 - Major General Zayonchkovsky, Andrei Medardovich
- 07/10/1908 - 12/14/1913 - Major General Yablochkin, Vladimir Alexandrovich
- 12/14/1913 - 02/02/1916 - Major General Bukovsky, Alexander Petrovich
- 02.02.1916 - 04/10/1917 - Colonel (from Major-General on April 10, 1916 ) Kvitsinsky, Boris Iosifovich
- 04/05/1917 - 09/08/1917 - Colonel Grekov, Alexander Petrovich
- 09/08/1917 - 12.1917 - Colonel Baron von Shtakelberg, Fedor Ivanovich
Insignia
- The St. George Regimental Banner with the inscriptions: "For distinction in the defeat and expulsion of the enemy from the limits of Russia in 1812" and "1796-1896" - with the St. Andrew's jubilee ribbon. Highest order and charter of November 9, 1896. (The first inscription is granted on April 13, 1813.)
- Two St. George pipes with the inscription: "For the distinction made in the battle of Kulma on August 17, 1813" - the regiment was granted on August 26, 1813.
- Signs on hats with the inscription: “For Telish on October 12, 1877” were granted regiment 30 September 1878 in exchange for signs with the inscription: “For distinction in the Turkish war of 1877 and 1878”, granted by the Highest order on April 17, 1878.
The regimental banner of 1813.
Famous people who served in the regiment
- Antonov, Alexey Innokentievich - Army General , member of the Supreme Command Headquarters , Chief of the General Staff in 1945 - 1946 , First Chief of Staff of the Joint Armed Forces of the ATS countries.
- Arbuzov, Alexey Fedorovich - General of Infantry, participant of the Napoleonic Wars.
- Armsheimer, Ivan Ivanovich - Kapellmeister, famous composer
- Bayov, Alexey Konstantinovich - Lieutenant-General, Russian military historian.
- Baratynsky, Yevgeny Abramovich - poet.
- Baumgarten, Nikolai Karlovich - General, participant of the Russian-Turkish war of 1828-1829, military teacher.
- Bologovsky, Yakov Dmitrievich - actual state councilor, governor of Livonia, Yenisei and Vologda provinces.
- Wrangel, Karl Karlovich - General of Infantry, Commander of the Kiev Military District.
- Гарф, Евгений Георгиевич — генерал-лейтенант, начальник Главного управления казачьих войск, начальник канцелярии Военного министерства, член Военного совета Российской империи.
- Геруа, Борис Владимирович — генерал-майор, участник Первой мировой войны, белоэмигрант.
- Гильденштуббе, Александр Иванович — генерал от инфантерии, командующий войсками Московского военного округа.
- Граббе, Михаил Павлович — генерал, участник Крымской войны, Кавказских походов и русско-турецкой войны 1877—1878 гг.
- Квицинский, Онуфрий Александрович — генерал, участник Крымской войны.
- Кологривов, Алексей Семёнович — генерал-майор, участник Наполеоновских войн.
- Кондратович, Киприан Антонович — генерал от инфантерии, герой русско-японской войны.
- Кривцов, Николай Иванович — капитан лейб-гвардии Егерского полка, герой Отечественной войны 1812 года
- Линдфорс, Фёдор Фёдорович — генерал-майор, участник русско-турецкой войны 1828—1829 гг.
- Мацнев, Михаил Николаевич — генерал-майор, участник Наполеоновских войн.
- Нестеров, Пётр Петрович — генерал-лейтенант, герой Кавказской войны.
- Нотбек, Владимир Васильевич — генерал от инфантерии.
- Овандер, Василий Яковлевич — генерал-лейтенант, участник Наполеоновских войн.
- Окунев, Гавриил Семёнович — генерал-майор, участник Наполеоновских войн.
- Павлов, Иван Петрович — генерал от инфантерии по армейской пехоте, член Военного Совета.
- Полешко, Степан Григорьевич — генерал-лейтенант, начальник 2-й гренадерской дивизии, участник Отечественной войны 1812 года.
- Ридингер, Александр Карлович — генерал-майор, участник Наполеоновских войн.
- Рихтер, Борис Христофорович — генерал-лейтенант, участник Наполеоновских войн.
- Сазонов, Фёдор Васильевич — генерал-майор, участник Наполеоновских войн.
- Степанов, Пётр Александрович — генерал от инфантерии, Царскосельский комендант.
- Тутаев, Илья Павлович — с 1916 года до начала революции, герой Гражданской войны
- Чекмарёв, Иван Гаврилович — генерал-лейтенант, участник Кавказских походов, военный педагог и журналист.
- Чибисов, Никандр Евлампиевич — советский генерал-лейтенант, Герой Советского Союза , в 1914—1917 годах воевал в полку от рядового до штабс-капитана .
- Шанявский, Альфонс Леонович — золотопромышленник.
- Шаховской, Иван Леонтьевич — генерал от инфантерии, член Государственного совета Российской империи.
- Штейнгель, Вячеслав Владимирович — генерал от инфантерии, военный историк.
- Щербачёв, Дмитрий Григорьевич — генерал от инфантерии, участник Гражданской войны
Галерии памятники Болгарии
Notes
- ↑ Церковь святого Мирония на сайте Исторія и Архитектура Санктъ-Петербурга
- ↑ М.Быков. Я бы в гвардию пошёл
- ↑ Убит 10 сентября 1828 года в бою при Гаджи-Гассан-Лар.
- ↑ Вступил в командование полком 25 сентября 1828 года.
Literature
- Егерский лейб-гвардии полк // Военная энциклопедия : [в 18 т.] / под ред. VF Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-islands I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- Егерский лейб-гвардии полк // Энциклопедический словарь Брокгауза и Ефрона : в 86 т. (82 т. и 4 доп.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- История лейб-гвардии Егерского полка за сто лет. 1796—1896: в 2 частях . - SPb. Type Тренке и Фюсно, 1896. — 524 + 189 +171 с.
- Гвардейские егеря при Павле Петровиче: (К столетию Л.-гв. егер. полка). — с портр. первого командира майора Рачинского / Сост. prof. Николаев. Acad. Ген. штаба полк. Н. А. Орлов , командовавший 3-м батальоном Л.-гв. егер. полка. — СПб.: тип. Гл. ex. уделов, 1896. — 26 с., 1 л. фронт. (портр.).
- Соваж С. И. Российская императорская армия: [16 наглядных табл. форм обмундирования ]. - SPb. : Типография товарищества «Общественная польза», 1894. — 59 с.
- Шенк В. К. Таблицы форм обмундирования Русской Армии (24 нагляд. табл. новых форм) . — Составлено по 10 мая 1910 года . - SPb. : Лит. Н. Кадушина, 1910. — 24 с.
- Егерский лейб-гвардии полк в энциклопедии Леера .
Links
- Лейб-гвардии Егерский полк
- Лейб-гвардии Егерский полк
- РЯДОВОЙ ЛЕЙБ-ГВАРДИИ ЕГЕРСКОГО ПОЛКА. 1817—1828
- ШТАБ-ОФИЦЕР И УНТЕР-ОФИЦЕР ЛЕЙБ-ГВАРДИИ ЕГЕРСКОГО ПОЛКА
- Командиры и шефы в 1806—1834
- Шенк В. К. Таблицы форм обмундирования русской армии. 1-я и 2-я Гвардейские пехотные дивизии
- Под Варною 10-го сентября 1828 г. (Из воспоминаний о лейб-гвардии Егерском полке) // Русская старина , 1876. — Т. 15. — № 2. — С. 364—376.
- Гвардейские егеря при Павле Петровиче. К столетию Л.-гв. егер. полка . / Comp. prof. Николаев. Acad. Ген. штаба полк. Н. А. Орлов, командовавший 3-м батальоном Л.-гв. егер. полка. — Санкт-Петербург: тип. Гл. ex. уделов, 1896.
- Копытов Г. А. Загадка старой фотографии / Красная Звезда
- Марш Егерского лейб-гвардии полка .