The Barsova Gora tract is a natural archaeological park near the village of Barsovo a few kilometers west of Surgut .
| Hillfort | |
| Barsova Gora | |
|---|---|
| Municipal Autonomous Institution of the Surgut Region "Historical and Cultural Research and Production Center of Barsova Gora" | |
 | |
| A country |  Russia |
| Location | Surgut District , Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Area - Ugra |
| First mention | 1845 year |
| Established | August 22, 1991 |
| Status |  OKN No. 8630008000 |
| condition | is being created [ when? ] Museum Reserve |
| Site | |
Barsova Gora stretches for 8.5 km on the right bank of the Ob River . In the limited Bartsevaya river of the eastern part of the tract there is a floodplain of the Drowned Channel, into which, according to legend, the Ostyak Prince Bars (Barts) rushed after a defeat in the battle with the Cossacks. His name gave the name of the river and the tract.
In 2010, according to the results of the Internet contest "7 Wonders of the Finno-Ugric World", the Barsova Gora tract was recognized as the winner in the nomination "Nature" [1] .
History
The tract has been continuously inhabited for about 7 thousand years - it was inhabited almost all periods of the history of mankind, all cultures that have ever inhabited the taiga of the Ob region left their mark. This is due to the strategic geographical location and the strengthened natural character of the area - Barsova Gora occupies the high bank of the Ob dominating over the surrounding territory (more than 30 m above the water edge).
Among the numerous prehistoric sites there is a Stone Age burial ground (age 7 thousand years), several Bronze Age settlements (age 4 thousand years), monuments of three cultures of the early Iron Age (from the 7th century BC), two burial grounds and the Kulaysky sanctuary culture (the middle of I millennium BC. - the middle of I millennium BC. E.). Many sanctuaries and treasures date back to the period from the 4th century to the 16th century. There are also archaeological sites of the 18th-19th centuries and ethnographic monuments of the early 20th century. [2]
Artifacts found during excavations on Barsovaya Gora can be seen in the St. Petersburg Hermitage , in the museums of Yekaterinburg , Tomsk , Perm and Western Europe [2] .
In 1971, upon learning of the construction of a railway through a tract and a railway bridge across the Ob, the Khanty asked the Surgut district executive committee to cancel this decision, since Barsova Gora was considered sacred by them (sacrificial rites were performed here until 1973) [2] .
Learning
Presumably, the first scientist who visited the tract and mentioned it in correspondence was Matias Alexander Castren . In 1845, during an expedition to study Siberian languages on behalf of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences , in his private letter he mentions a visit to the Ostyak fortress near Surgut, where broken arrows, rusty spearheads, chain mail and other weapons were discovered. [3]
The name “Barsova Gora” was first mentioned in 1890 as a designation of the settlement “near Surgut seven miles down the Ob River” in the list of archaeological sites compiled by amateur archaeologist Ivan Yakovlevich Slovtsov [3] .
The first documented excavations were carried out by order of the Tobolsk governor in 1889 by political exiles under the leadership of the exiled populist Vasily Filippovich Kazakov [3] .
Notes
Literature
- Chemyakin Yu. P. Treasures of Barsovaya Gora / Per. S.V. Sharapova, N.V. Shatunova. - Surgut. - 10 s. (Russian )
- Barsova Gora: 110 years of archaeological research / Ed. A. Ya. Trufanova and Yu. P. Chemyakin. - Surgut: MU IKNTSP "Barsova Gora", 2002. - 224 p.
- Martin F.R.Sibirika. Some information about the primitive history and culture of the Siberian peoples. - Yekaterinburg: Ural Worker, 2004 .-- 144 p. Scientific translation from German by J. N. Trufanova, ed. A. Ya. Trufanova. Comments by A. S. Sopochina and A. Ya. Trufanov.
- Chemyakin Yu.P., Zykov A.P. Barsova Gora: archaeological map. - Omsk: Omsk Printing House, 2004 .-- 208 p.
- Arne T. Y. Barsov Gorodok. West Siberian burial ground of the Iron Age. - Yekaterinburg: Ural Worker, 2005 .-- 184 p. Scientific translation from German by J. N. Trufanova, ed. A. Ya. Trufanova. Comments by A. Ya. Trufanov.
- Settlement Quick Kulugan 66: monument of the Neolithic era of the Surgut Ob / Collective monograph, ed. L. L. Kosinskaya and A. Ya. Trufanova. - Yekaterinburg: Ural Publishing House, 2006. - 192 p.
- Myth, rite and ritual object in antiquity. - Yekaterinburg: Magellan, 2007 .-- 260 p.
- XVII Ural archaeological meeting. Materials of the scientific conference (Yekaterinburg, November 19-22, 2007). - Yekaterinburg: Magellan, 2007 .-- 296 p.
- Issues of archeology of the Urals. Collection of scientific papers. Issue 25. - Yekaterinburg: Magellan, 2008 .-- 252 p.
- Chemyakin Yu. P. Barsova Gora: essays on the archeology of Surgut Ob. Antiquity. - Omsk: Omsk Printing House, 2008 .-- 224 p.
- Barsova Gora: antiquities of the taiga Ob. - Yekaterinburg: Ural Publishing House, 2008. - 300 p.