Tebenevka (from the Kyrgyz word teben - winter pasture [1] ) - winter pasture , self- extraction of horse food from under the snow .
Until now, horses in Kazakhstan and Mongolia have grazed in the steppe on their own, only periodically looked after by shepherds . Herds of horses are led by stallions, which lead herds along their usual territory.
Content
Process
Horses dig snow up to 40 centimeters deep with hooves and eat grass left under the snow. Given the scarcity of winter vegetation, this is a very energy-consuming method and horses lose weight noticeably in the winter, so in the summer the horses eat heavily, feeding fat.
In Kazakhstan and Mongolia, sheep also graze on snow in the winter. However, unlike horses, shepherds graze them. Kazakh horses and sheep (for example, the Edilbayev breed of sheep ), Mongolian horses and sheep are very resistant to frost and can graze in winter even in severe frosts.
In the case of deep snow, horses look for places where it is blown away by the wind, and therefore the layer of snow is less. However, there are times when an ice crust forms on the snow (crust). In such cases, horses injure their legs, eat poorly and there is a high death rate. Sheep especially can not graze in the presence of infusion. Given that nomads never harvested hay , this led to a large mortality of cattle , the so-called jute .
Etymology
The word "tebenevka" comes from the Turkic word "tebu" - to kick. In the Kazakh and Bashkir languages, the word tebu means precisely “kick”. A horse rakes snow from above and feeds on grass.
Notes
- ↑ Tebenevka // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Literature
- Aksakov A. , “Dictionary of words difficult to understand”
- Smirnov OK , Tebenevka horses in the North. Horse breeding No. 1, 1955, S. 22-27.
- Tebenevka // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.