Independence Avenue ( Ukrainian: Prospect Nezalezhnostі ) is one of the central streets of the city of Kharkov . It originates from the Zoological bridge in the Nagorny district, being the eastern border of Zagospromia, and ends with the intersection with Sumy Street . Until 1936, it was called Koltsevaya-1, as it covered the Gosprom building and the Half-Ring Cooperation House, repeating the configuration of the circular part of Freedom Square .
History
The appearance of the street dates back to the 1880s of the last century. It appeared on the land belonging to Kharkov University . The direction of development was laid by the construction of a three-story building intended for a student dormitory. However, the dormitory was never opened here, and the medical faculty of Kharkov University was located in the building. A residential building was built north of this building on Sumskaya . The passage that arose between them after the October Revolution was called Industrial Lane. The placement on Sumy Street of the medical faculty - the largest at the university (it consisted of 24 departments at that time) - led to the construction of an anatomical theater (1886-1888) and university clinics in this area.
The construction of therapeutic, surgical, obstetric and ophthalmological clinics lasted from 1890 to 1896. A whole clinical campus has sprung up on campus. It occupied a large territory (now the area bounded by Danilevsky, Trinkler streets and Independence Avenue).
Further development of the current Independence Avenue is associated with the formation of Dzerzhinsky Square. In August 1927, according to the project of engineer A.Z. Kogan, construction began on the huge, five and a half floors of the House of Tobacco Users (1 Nezavisimosti Ave.), which was being built opposite the house of state industry. In 1929, on the 12th anniversary of the October Revolution, the House of the Union of Chemists (architect Y. Ignatovsky), located in the area of the avenue, was commissioned, and at the end of that year preparations began for the construction of a large house intended for workers of industrial enterprises in Kharkov - "The Red Industrialist" (Nezavisimosti ave., 5), where the famous Kharkov musicologist Sergey Alexandrovich Korotkov lived for many years, and the construction of the House of Specialists (Nezavisimosti ave., 7) began, in which many famous scientists, cultural workers, lived General specialists and managers of Kharkov enterprises. In the spring of 1934, a public garden was defeated at Koltsevaya-1. In Soviet times, the clinical town underwent significant reconstruction. In 1935, there were nine major clinics. In 1936–2016, the avenue was called the Pravda Avenue.