Ignatius the God-bearer ( Greek Ιγνάτιος ο Θεοφόρος , Ignatius of Antioch , Greek Ιγνάτιος Αντιοχείας ; December 20, 107/112 , Rome ) - apostolic husband , Holy Martyr of the Ancient Church , Bishop Peter the Apostle Antioch ; at the Antioch department, presumably from the age of 68 .
| Ignatius the God-Bearer | |
|---|---|
| Ιγνάτιος ο Θεοφόρος | |
 | |
| Birth | |
| Death | December 20, around 110 Rome |
| Is revered | in the Orthodox and Catholic churches |
| In the face | |
| Day of Remembrance | in the Orthodox Church on December 20 (according to the Julian calendar ), in the Catholic Church - on October 17 |
| Proceedings | Epistles to the Local Churches |
| Asceticism | martyrdom |
Content
Life Information
Probably born in Antioch . Jerome Stridon calls Ignatius the God-bearer a disciple of John the Theologian [2] . Information about Ignatius is contained in the Church History of Eusebius of Caesarea (III, 36). According to Eusebius, Ignatius was exiled to Rome , where he suffered for Christ on December 20, 107 during the reign of Emperor Trajan , after being thrown to lions in the arena .
According to one version of the legend, the God-bearer received the nickname from the fact that Jesus took Ignatius the child in his arms, which is described in the Gospel of Matthew ( 18: 2-5 ); on the other, it means "the bearer of the divine spirit."
Known as the alleged author of seven messages that have reached us that he wrote during his journey in custody in Rome. Five of them were sent to the Christian communities of Ephesus , Magnesia, Thralia , Philadelphia] and Smyrna , who sent their representatives to greet the confessor passing through their territory and receive his blessing. One of the letters addressed to Polycarp, Bishop of Smyrna , and the seventh addressed to the Christian community of Rome.
Little is known about the life and work of Ignatius. Ignatius was the first major Christian writer of non-Jewish origin and from a non-Jewish environment. It is believed that he was a Syrian - on the grounds that the Greek language of his messages is imperfect. Based on the content of the epistles, we can consider him the first post-apostolic author, not rooted in the Old Testament tradition. Eusebius of Caesarea reports [3] that Ignatius was the second bishop of Antioch after the Apostle Peter and successor of Euodius ; Theodorite claims that he was the successor to the apostle Peter himself. Some authors suggest that Euodius and Ignatius were simultaneously bishops in Antioch: Euodius was set for the Jews , and Ignatius for the Gentile Christians. St. John Chrysostom calls Ignatius "a model of virtues, which in his person showed all the virtues of a bishop."
Martyrdom (protocols of interrogation and sentencing) of St. Ignatius of late origin (IV and V century). They were published by Ruinart in 1689 ( Martirium Colbertinum ) and Dressel in 1857 ( Martirium Vaticanum ). They reported the date of death of Ignatius - December 20 (year is not specified). On this day (according to the Julian calendar ) his memory is celebrated in the Eastern Church; The Western Church since 1969 commemorates his martyrdom on October 17, according to the instructions of the Eastern Martyrology (IV century) in his Syrian version.
On January 29 (according to the Julian calendar ) the carrying of his relics is celebrated [4] : the relics of Ignatius were transferred from Rome to Antioch in 107 or 108 . At first, the relics were in the barrier, and in the 438th they were transferred to Antioch itself. After the capture of Antioch, the Persians were brought to Rome in 540 or 637 in the church of St. Clement .
Messages from Ignatius
There are three editions of the letters of Ignatius:
- short edition, consisting of four messages. It existed in the medieval West. Gained recognition after the publication by the syrologist W. Cürton of the ancient (4th century) translation into Syriac of three letters (Ephesians, Romans, and Polycarpus);
- middle edition, or versio eusebiana , consisting of seven epistles (Ephesians [5] , Epistles to the Magnesians [6] , Epistles to the Tralians [7] , Epistles to the Philadelphians [8] , Romans [9] , Epistle to the Cypriots [10] , Epistle to Polycarp [11] ); this edition was known to Eusebius of Caesarea and is considered normative in modern science;
- a little later the short edition in the West became aware of the lengthy edition of 12 messages, which subsequently expanded to 15 messages [12] .
Forged messages include: Epistle to the Tarsians, Epistle to Antioch, Epistle to Iron, Antioch deacon, Epistle to the Philippians, correspondence with Mary of Kassobolskaya, 1st Apostle John the Theologian, 2nd apostle John the Theologian, Correspondence with the Virgin [12] 13] .
Theological doctrine of St. Ignatius
The Christology of the Epistles of Ignatius is due to his polemic with the Doketas , who denied the material aspect of the Incarnation , on the one hand, and the Judaizers , on the other.
In close connection with Christology, Ignatius stands for his ecclesiology : since the carnal, really historical Christ is required for our salvation, salvation can only be accomplished in the real, visible Church. In his Epistle to the Smyrnians, the concept of “ catholicity of the church ” is used for the first time (Smyr 8.2).
The key phrase in ecclesiology of Ignatius is επι το αυτο - an expression that he uses as a technical term to refer to the Eucharistic assembly, that is, the Church.
Speaking of local Churches, he attaches to them the sacrament from the verb παροικεω , which means a temporary stay in a foreign land.
Troparion to Hieromartyr Ignatius the voice 4
Apostolic mores to the imitator / and their throne to their heirs, / bishops fertilizer / and the martyrs of glory, God-given, / to fire and sword, and beasts dared thou of faith for the sake of / and, correcting the word of truth, / thou hast suffered the sacred martyr Ignatius, / moth Christ of God // saved to our souls.
Notes
- ↑ British Museum person-institution thesaurus
- ↑ Hieron . Chron. Col. 604)
- ↑ Church History III.22
- ↑ Bringing the relics of the holy martyr Ignatius the God-Bearer: Calendar 2007 .
- ↑ Translation of Archpriest G. Pavsky , Translation of the Kazan Theological Academy (short edition) , Translation of Archpriest P. Preobrazhensky , Translation of the Kazan Theological Academy (long version)
- ↑ Translation of Archpriest G. Pavsky , Translation of the Kazan Theological Academy (short edition) , Translation of Archpriest P. Preobrazhensky , Translation of the Kazan Theological Academy (long version)
- ↑ Translation of the Kazan Theological Academy (short edition) , Translation of Archpriest P. Preobrazhensky
- ↑ Translation of the Kazan Theological Academy (short edition) , Translation of Archpriest P. Preobrazhensky
- ↑ Πρός Ρωμαίους Επιστολή (Migne. PG. Tom. V. Parisiis, 1857) , Translation of Archpriest G. Pavsky , Translation of Kazan Theological Academy , Translation of Archpriest P. Preobrazhensky , Translation of Kazan Theological Academy (long-term edition)
- ↑ Translation of Archpriest P. Preobrazhensky
- ↑ Translation of Archpriest G. Pavsky , Translation of the Kazan Theological Academy (short edition) , Translation of Archpriest P. Preobrazhensky , Translation of the Kazan Theological Academy (long version)
- ↑ 1 2 Ep. Athanasius (Evtich), Makarov E.E., Muravyov A.V., Tkachenko A.A., E.V. Sh. Ignatius the God-bearer // Orthodox Encyclopedia . - M .: Church Scientific Center "Orthodox Encyclopedia" , 2009. - T. XXI. - S. 139-140. - 752 s. - 39,000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-89572-038-7 .
- ↑ Ante-Nicene Fathers / ed. Philip Schaff - Grand Rapids, MI: Christian Classics Ethereal Library, 2001 .-- Vol. I (The Apostolic Fathers with Justin Martyr and Irenaeus). - P. 169-207.
See also
- The catholicity of the church
Links
- The Epistles of Ignatius the God-Bearer / Monuments of Ancient Christian Writing, vol. II. Scriptures of the Apostolic Men. M .: 1860. - S. 373-430
- Ignatius the God-Bearer // Orthodox Theological Encyclopedia. Volume 5. Edition of Petrograd. Appendix to the spiritual journal "Wanderer" for 1904
- Ignatius the God-Bearer // Orthodox Encyclopedia. T. 21.
- Martyrdom of St. Ignatius the God-Bearer (Antioch Acts) (Christian reading. St. Petersburg, 1822) on the website tvorenia.russportal.ru
- Eusebius, bishop Caesarean Church history. Book III (Ch. 36. On Ignatius and his Epistles ) (St. Petersburg, 1848) on the website tvorenia.russportal.ru
- St. John Chrysostom . Praise to the holy holy martyr Ignatius the God-bearer, the former archbishop of Antioch the Great, who was taken to Rome and suffered martyrdom, and from there he was again transferred to Antioch (“ Ignatius did not see Christ and did not enjoy fellowship with him ”) (St. Petersburg, 1896) on the tvorenia website .russportal.ru
- Brief information about St. Ignatius the God-bearer and his epistles (Orthodox interlocutor. Kazan, 1855) on the website tvorenia.russportal.ru
- K. I. Skvortsov . About the plans of St. Ignatius of the God-bearer (Proceedings of the Kiev Theological Academy. Kiev, 1872) on the website tvorenia.russportal.ru
- Prot. Peter Preobrazhensky . About Saint Ignatius of Antioch and his Epistles (St. Petersburg, 1895) on the website tvorenia.russportal.ru
- S.V. Troitsky . Ignatius the God-Bearer, St. Bishop of Antioch (St. from PBE. Pg., 1904) on the website tvorenia.russportal.ru
- St. Ignatius the God-Bearer, Bishop of Antioch. Authentic Messages
- Skurat K. E. Saint Ignatius the God-Bearer, Bishop of Antioch
- Holy Martyr Ignatius the God-Bearer: Orthodox Calendar . on the site pravoslavie.ru